自修复有机硅材料的制备策略

Fabrication Strategies to Self⁃Healing Silicone Materials

近年来,通过仿生生命体自我修复损伤这一现象而研制的自修复材料,可有效延长材料的使用寿命、提高材料的使用安全性、降低资源浪费,具有巨大的发展潜力。其中,自修复有机硅材料因兼具自我修复的功能和有机硅材料的优异性能,已成为当下的研究热点。由于外界刺激条件如紫外光、温度等是材料实现损伤自我修复的外在驱动力,在很大程度上影响着材料的修复效能,且不同的刺激条件具有不同的优缺点和应用领域。因此,本文将基于自修复过程中外界刺激因素的不同,对自修复有机硅材料尤其是近五年来的最新研究成果进行综述,从外援型和本征型自修复有机硅材料两方面入手,以本征型自修复有机硅材料为重点,并对自修复有机硅材料今后的发展进行了分析展望。

In recent years,inspired by the natural phenomenon that the living organism can automatically repair its damaged skin and bone via itself metabolism,researchers have successfully developed self⁃healing materials that can self⁃heal their microcracks.The self⁃healing of materials can effectively extend the service life of materials,improve working stability and thus reduce the waste of resources.Recently,the self⁃healable silicone materials originated from the synergistic combination of self⁃healing function and good properties of silicone materials,have become a research focus in functional materials.Furthermore,since the external stimuli such as UV irradiation,temperature and solvent are the external driving force for materials to fulfill self⁃healability,and affect largely the self⁃healing efficiency.More importantly,different stimuli have different advantages and disadvantages,and application fields.Therefore,this study aims to summarize and analyze the research progress of extrinsic and intrinsic self⁃healing silicone materials especially in the past five years according to their external stimuli.The intrinsic self⁃healing silicone materials that contain different dynamic polysiloxane crosslinking networks activated by different external stimuli,are emphatically discussed.Additionally,a brief prospect for the future development of self⁃healing silicone materials is also provided.