静穆的观照和飞跃的生命——谈宗白华对尼采思想的吸收与转化

Contemplation and Vitality——On Zong Baihua’s Absorption and Transformation of Nietzsche’s Thought

宗白华的文艺批评及美学理论受到了尼采思想的根本性的影响。宗白华援引尼采的超人精神鼓励中国的青年过“奋斗”与“创造”的生活;又以尼采的酒神精神和日神精神作为理论骨架建构出了“中国艺术意境”;还以尼采的权力意志理论作为自己进行文化批评的基础和原则,试图发现和重建“中国文化的美丽精神”。宗白华虽对尼采思想不乏赞许,但这并不意味着他对尼采的思想照单全收,他不同意的地方,依然对其进行批评。

Zong Baihua’s literary criticism and aesthetic theory were fundamentally influenced by Nietzsche’s thought. He first cited Nietzsche’s superman spirit to encourage Chinese youth to live a life of “struggle” and“creation”. Secondly, he constructed a “Chinese artistic conception” with Nietzsche’s Dionysian spirit and Apollonian spirit as the theoretical framework. Finally, he took the theory of Nietzsche’s will to power as the basis and principle for his cultural criticism, and tried to rebuild a “beautiful spirit of Chinese culture”.Although Zong Baihua praised Nietzsche’s thought, it didn’t mean that he accepted Nietzsche’s thought completely. Still he criticized what he did not agree with Nietzsche.