世界贸易组织下开放式诸边协定的合法性及与多边体系的衔接

The Legitimacy of Open Plurilateral Agreement in the WTO and Its Insertion into the Multilateral System

多哈回合“一揽子承诺”的谈判方式及世界贸易组织“协商一致”的决策机制,导致世界贸易组织规则在诸多方面不能满足全球经济发展的需求,呈现出严重的滞后性和更新阻却性。作为与多边谈判、区域谈判相对应的制定国际贸易规则的方式之一,世界贸易组织“联合声明倡议”开放式诸边谈判成为纾解当前困境的优选路径。然而,近年来以“联合声明倡议”为代表的开放式诸边协定的合法性遭到质疑,其与世界贸易组织法体系的衔接面临挑战。为应对以上问题,建议可考虑完善便利诸边协定的原则,灵活适用决策机制,明晰“关键多数”的界定标准。我国在坚持世界贸易组织多边体系的基础上,对“联合声明倡议”开放式诸边谈判的推进持积极态度,应继续深入参与诸边议题新纪律的讨论,在规则供给中关注发展问题以促进世界贸易组织更具包容性与一致性的发展。

Due to single undertaking approach to trade negotiation of the Doha Round,the consensus-based decision making of the WTO,the WTO rules cannot meet the needs of global economic development in many aspects,showing a serious lag and renewal resistance.As one of the approaches to formulate interna-tional trade rules corresponding to multilateral negotiations and regional negotiations,open plurilateral negotiation has become a preferredway to alleviate the current dilemmaH.Iowever,the legitimacy of the open pplurilateral agreement based on the"Joint Statement Initiative"has been questioned recently,the approach to incorporatingg outcome of the negotiation into the multilateral system has faced challenges.It is pointed out,the principle of facilitating open plurilateral agreement should be established,the decision-making mechanism should be applied flexibly;the identification criteria for"Critical Mass"should be clarified.Upholdingg the multilateralism of the WTO,China has actively participated in"Joint Statement Initiative"negotiations.It is advisable that China should deeply participate in discussion of the new disciplines on"Joint Statement Initiative"issues,pay more attention to"development"issues consistent with the WTO in the promotion of rules,for inserting the outcome of"Joint Statement Initiative"negotiations into the multilateral framework of the WTO.