宿主防御肽抗病毒感染机制研究进展

Research progress in the mechanism of host defense peptides antagonizing viral infection

宿主防御肽是一类广泛存在于脊椎动物的小分子多肽,具有广谱的抗菌活性以及抗炎、细胞趋化、促进血管生成和修复损伤等免疫调节功能。以往的研究多集中在宿主防御肽抗细菌和真菌感染的研究上。近年来大量研究发现,宿主防御肽也具有广泛的抗病毒活性,在临床各类病毒病的预防和治疗上具有潜在的应用前景。本文围绕宿主防御肽直接杀伤病毒、调节病毒感染过程和参与宿主抗病毒天然免疫调节这3个方面的作用机制进行综述,为宿主防御肽抗病毒相关研究和相关抗病毒生物药物的研发提供参考和借鉴。

Host defense peptides are a class of small molecular peptides ubiquitous in vertebrates,with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities and immunomodulatory functions such as anti-inflammation,regulation of cell chemotaxis,promotion of angiogenesis,and repair of injury.The previous studies about host defense peptides mainly focused on the resistance against bacterial and fungal infections.The recent studies have demonstrated that host defense peptides have a wide range of antiviral activities and thus have potential application prospects in the prevention and treatment of viral diseases.This paper reviews the molecular mechanisms of host defense peptides against viral infections,which include direct killing of viruses,regulation of viral infection,and participation in host immune regulation against viral infections,which will provide a reference for the research on host defense peptides against viral infections and the development of host defense peptides as new antiviral biological agents.