互联网嵌入对农户化学农药减量使用的影响——基于PSM模型的计量分析

THE IMPACT OF INTERNET EMBEDDING ON FARMERS'USE OF CHEMICAL PESTICIDES*——METROLOGICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON PSM MODEL

[目的]在数字农业和绿色农业的双重背景下,探讨互联网嵌入对农户化学农药减量使用的影响,有助于实现农业数字化和绿色化发展。[方法]文章基于四川省712份微观农户调研数据,采用倾向得分匹配法实证检验了互联网嵌入是否会减少农户化学农药使用,并分析了其影响效应在不同农户群体中的异质性。[结果]互联网嵌入对农户减少化学农药使用具有显著的正向影响,其平均处理效应为0.114;互联网嵌入能有效促进小农户、专业种植大户和家庭农场减少化学农药使用,平均处理效应分别介于0.104~0.113、0.078~0.103和0.116~0.128;互联网嵌入对家庭农场减少化学农药使用的促进作用略大于小农户和专业种植大户,而相比于专业种植大户,互联网嵌入对小农户化学农药减量使用的促进作用更强。[结论]应推进农村新基建发展,提升农村互联网普及率,采取差异化的措施,鼓励家庭农场发展,引导家庭农场将互联网技术应用于农业生产,并加强互联网技术宣传与培训,提升小农户和专业种植大户嵌入互联网的能力,以促进农户减少化学农药使用。

Under the dual background of digital agriculture and green agriculture,discussing the impact of Internet embedding on farmers'reduced use of chemical pesticides is helpful to realize the development of agricultural digitization and greening.Based on 712 micro farmers'survey data in Sichuan province,this paper empirically tested whether Internet embedding reduced farmers'use of chemical pesticides by using propensity score matching method,and analyzed the heterogeneity of its impact effects in different farmers'groups.Internet embedding had a significant positive impact on farmers to reduce the use of chemical pesticides,and its average treatment effect was 0.114;Internet embedding could effectively promote small farmers,large professional planting households and family farms to reduce the use of chemical pesticides,and the average treatment effects were between 0.104~0.113,0.078~0.103 and 0.116~0.128,respectively.The promotion effect of Internet embedding on reducing the use of chemical pesticides in family farms was slightly greater than that of small farmers and large professional planting households.Compared with large professional planting households,Internet embedding had a stronger promotion effect on reducing the use of chemical pesticides in small farmers.Therefore,we should promote the development of new infrastructure in rural areas,improve the penetration rate of rural Internet,take differentiated measures,encourage the development of family farms,guide family farms to apply Internet technology to agricultural production,strengthen Internet technology publicity and training,and improve the ability of small farmers and large professional planting households to embed the Internet,so as to promote farmers to reduce the use of chemical pesticides.