燕麦青贮替代燕麦干草和羊草对奶牛生产性能及血清生化指标的影响

Effect of oat silage replacing oat hay and Leymus chinensis on production performance and serum biochemical indices of dairy cows

试验旨在分析燕麦青贮替代日粮中燕麦干草和羊草对奶牛生产性能和血清生化指标的影响。选取平均胎次、体重、产奶量差异均不显著的荷斯坦泌乳奶牛32头,随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头奶牛。对照组奶牛饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别使用等干物质含量的燕麦青贮替代基础日粮中的100%燕麦干草(Ⅰ组)、50%燕麦干草(Ⅱ组)和100%羊草(Ⅲ组)。预试期14 d,正式试验期35 d。结果显示,燕麦青贮的干物质(DM)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量均低于燕麦干草和羊草(P<0.05),Ca含量显著高于燕麦干草和羊草(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组奶牛的乳脂率显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅱ组乳脂量显著提高(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组的乳蛋白率显著提高(P<0.05)。试验Ⅱ组奶牛的养殖利润高于其他组。研究表明,使用燕麦青贮替代燕麦干草和羊草对奶牛生产性能和机体健康无不良影响,且使用燕麦青贮替代50%燕麦干草可提高奶牛的产奶量和乳品质,经济效益较好。

The experiment was to analyze the effect of oat silage replacing oat hay and Leymus chinensis in dairy cows'diets on production performance and serum biochemical indices of dairy cows.A total of 32 Holstein lactating dairy cows with not significantly different average parity,body weight and milk yield were randomly divided into four groups with eight replicates in each group and one cow in each replicate.The cows in control group were fed with basic diet,and the cows in experimental groups were fed with the same dry matter content oat silage to replace 100%oat hay(groupⅠ),50%oat hay(groupⅡ)and 100%Leymus chinensis(groupⅢ)in basic diet,respectively.The pre-test lasted for 14 d and the formal test lasted for 35 d.The results showed that the content of DM,ADF and NDF in oat silage were lower than those in oat hay and Leymus chinensis(P<0.05),Ca content was significantly higher than that in oat hay and Leymus chinensis(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the milk fat percentage in groupⅠand groupⅡwas significantly increased(P<0.05),milk fat content of groupⅡwas significantly increased(P<0.05),the milk protein percentage in groupⅡand groupⅢwas significantly increased(P<0.05).The profit of cows in groupⅡwas higher than that in other groups.The experiment indicates that using oat silage instead of oat hay and leymus has no adverse effect on performance and body health of dairy cows,and using oat silage instead of 50%oat hay can improve milk yield and milk quality of dairy cows,and has good economic benefits.