青藏高原青贮玉米利用现状及研究进展

Utilization status and research progress of silage corn in Qinghai-Tibet plateau

青贮玉米是畜牧业的优质粗饲料来源,具有营养价值高、适口性好、消化率高等特点。青藏高原畜牧业饲草料季节性供应不平衡、草地超载退化、草畜矛盾突出等情况下,高海拔青贮玉米产业的大力发展成为促进高原畜牧业可持续高效发展和草畜平衡的重要方式。文章围绕青藏高原地区青贮玉米的品种筛选、种植、加工调制、利用等方面进行综述,并解析了青贮玉米产业发展所面临的问题,为改善高原畜牧业饲草料供给结构与产业提质增效提供参考。

Silage corn is a high quality roughage source in animal husbandry,with high nutritional value,good palatability and high digestibility.Under the current situation of unbalanced seasonal forage supply,overloading degradation of grassland and prominent contradiction between herbage and livestock in Tibetan Plateau,the development of high-altitude silage corn industry has become an important way to promote the sustainable and efficient development of plateau animal husbandry and the balance between herbage and livestock.In the paper,the variety selection,planting,processing,modulation and utilization of silage maize in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are reviewed,and the problems faced by development of silage maize industry are analyzed,to provide a reference for improving forage supply structure of plateau animal husbandry and improving quality and efficiency of industry.