“小扬州”与“北方的上海”——近代天津城市形象的更新及其意义

"Small Yangzhou"and"Northern Shanghai"——the Renewal of Tianjin's Urban and its significance Image in Modern Times

城市形象是人们建构的关于城市的具象化的认识和评价。明代天津建城以来,天津的形象有“赛淮安城”“小江南”和“小扬州”等,其中,因天津与扬州相似之处最多,以“小扬州”的影响最广。延至民国时期,“小扬州”虽已与天津实际明显不符,但仍被用作天津的雅称。开埠以来天津由传统向现代转型,其发展与上海极为相近,“北方的上海”“小上海”等新的城市形象由此而生。从“小扬州”到“北方的上海”的城市形象的变迁,折射出天津城市发展的艰难历程。“小扬州”与“北方的上海”反映出对于天津不同历史阶段的特征与发展模式的认知。近代天津以上海为标杆,天津当今与未来的发展仍需学习上海,重塑天津“北方上海”的城市形象。

The image of a city is the cognition and valuation to the embodiment of the city that people construct.Since the founding of Tianjin city in the Ming Dynasty,the image of Tianjin has contained"Surpassing Huaian City","Small Jiangnan(regions south of the Yangtze River)"and"Small Yangzhou"and so on.Among which,because of many similarities between Tianjin and Yangzhou,Tianjin is the most extensively called as"Small Yangzhou".During the Republic of China,although"Small Yangzhou"was obviously inconsistent with Tianjin,it was still used as an elegant name for Tianjin.Since the opening of the port,Tianjin has transformed from tradition to modernity,and its development is very similar to Shanghai,and new city images such as"Northern Shanghai"and"Small Shanghai"have been born.The change of Tianjin's image from"Small Yangzhou"to"Northern Shanghai"reflects the hard urban development of Tianjin.The appellations of"Small Yangzhou"and"Northern Shanghai"reflect the recognition of the characteristics and development patterns of Tianjin in different historical stages.Tianjin in modern times has always taken Shanghai as the benchmark,and Tianjin's current and future development still needs to learn from Shanghai and reshape the city image of Tianjin as"Northern Shanghai".