北福地遗址出土的人面纹陶片及相关问题

The Human-mask Design Pottery Shard Excavated from Beifudi Site and the Related Issues

北福地遗址出土的145件人面纹陶片,形制特殊引人注目。发掘者和研究者多认为是假面面具,是目前中国乃至世界上最早且有明确地层关系的面具。从这批人面纹陶片的出土层位出发,同时注意观察制作方法、颜色及与房屋布局的关系等问题。通过类型学分析,发现北福地遗址的人面纹陶片至少可以分为三组,各组的功能亦不同。第一组可能是用来佩戴的面具,经过与现代人的脸部测量数据比对,佩戴者很可能是女性;第二组可能是手持的物品;第三组可能是用于悬挂的饰品。

The 145 unique human-mask design pottery pieces unearthed at the Beifudi site are particularly noticeable. Most of the excavators and researchers have identified it as a mask, which is the earliest mask with clear stratigraphic relationship in China and even in the world. The paper studied the layers where these human face pottery chips were unearthed, and focused on the production method, color and relationship with the house layout. Through typological analysis, it showed that the pottery pieces with human-mask design in Beifudi Site could be divided into at least three groups, and each group had different functions. The first group might be masks to wear, and after comparing with the facial measurement data of modern people, the wearer was likely to be a female;The second group might be hand-held items, and the third group might be ornaments for hanging.