以人文关怀为依托的延续护理在肺移植患者术后自我护理中的效果

Effect of continuous nursing on home care of lung transplant patients based on humanistic care

目的探讨以人文关怀为依托的延续护理在肺移植患者居家护理中的效果。方法将2016年1月—2020年10月期间同济大学附属上海市肺科医院接受肺移植的患者按照住院先后分为对照组和护理组。对照组采用常规肺移植出院宣教,出院后定期随访;护理组开展人文关怀随访、出院健康宣教、人文交流活动、居家照护计划。出院后观察两组患者的居家自我管理能力、服药依从性以及对肺移植居家护理工作的满意度。结果共纳入60例患者,对照组23例,其中男16例、女7例,平均年龄(58.70±11.00)岁;护理组37例,其中男25例、女12例,平均年龄(57.90±13.20)岁。护理组患者的自我管理能力评分[自我概念(27.41±2.37)分vs.(21.78±3.54)分,自我护理责任感(20.73±1.63)分vs.(16.83±2.79)分,自我护理技能(41.46±3.77)分vs.(28.26±4.11)分,健康知识水平(57.95±4.10)分vs.(44.87±5.79)分]高于对照组(P均<0.05),同时该组患者的服药依从性[(7.47±0.46)分vs.(6.87±0.28)分]、对护理工作满意度[(23.80±1.20)分vs.(20.50±1.90)分]也高于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论对肺移植患者进行以人文关怀为依托的延续护理能有效提高患者出院后自我管理能力、服药依从性以及对护理工作的满意度。

Objective To explore the effect of continuous nursing on lung transplant patients at home based on humanistic care.Methods According to hospitalization order,patients who received lung transplantation in our hospital from January 2016 to October 2020 were divided into a control group and a nursing group.The control group was treated with routine lung transplantation education and regular follow-up after discharge,and the nursing group received humanistic care during follow-up,health education at discharge,cultural exchange activities,and home care plans.After discharge,the self-management ability at home,medication adherence and satisfaction of home care between the two groups were campared.Results A total of 60 patients were included in the study.There were 23 patients in the control group,including 16 males and 7 females,with an average age of 58.70±11.00 years.There were 37 pateints in the nursing group,including 25 males and 12 females,with an average age of 57.90±13.20 years.The scores of self-management ability at home of the nursing group(self-concept 27.41±2.37 points vs.21.78±3.54 points;self-care responsibility 20.73±1.63 points vs.16.83±2.79 points;self-care skills 41.46±3.77 points vs.28.26±4.11 points;health knowledge level 57.95±4.10 points vs.44.87±5.79 points)were higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05).The medication adherence(7.47±0.46 points vs.6.87±0.28 points)and satisfaction of home care(23.80±1.20 points vs.20.50±1.90 points)in the nursing group were higher than those in the control group(both P<0.05).Conclusion Continuous nursing based on humanistic care for lung transplant patients can effectively improve the self-management ability,medication adherence and nursing satisfaction of patients after discharge.