从政党变革到政党转型发展:分析视角与判断标准

From Reform to the Transformation and Development of Political Parties:An Analytical Perspective and Judgmental Criterion

从表象上看,政党转型也属于广义的政党变化与政党变革;但从根本上看,政党转型绝非一般意义上、个体化的政党变革,而是指传统政党形态已无法适应国家与社会的重大变革与时代要求,所有主流政党都被迫进行转型发展,以化解政党生存危机。唯有以国家-社会为本位,才能深刻揭示世界范围内政党转型发展的根本原因。世界政党发展的基本历程证明:政党转型是政党政治变革的必然产物,科技革命推动生产力与生产方式变革,进而推动生产关系与社会关系变革;经济基础与社会结构变革推动政治上层建筑变革,进而推动政党政治变革与政党转型发展。政党价值与功能、政党政治的公开性与透明度,既决定着大众政治参与度,也决定着广大民众对政党的认同度与支持度。民心向背决定政党兴衰与执政成败,这是政党政治发展亘古不变的定律。

The transformation of political parties seems also to be a kind of change and reform.Yet it is not merely a general or individual change and reform of a party.It results from the party's being unable to adapt to the major change of its time and requiring all mainstream political parties to carry out necessary transformation and development in order to resolve the crisis that the political parties are confronted.The state-society analytical angle can profoundly reveal the fundamental reasons for the transformation and development of political parties in the world.The basic course of the development of political parties in the world has proved that the transformation of a party is the inevitable outcome of certain political reform of the party.The scientific and technological revolution promotes the transformation of productive forces and that of the modes of production,and further leads to the transformation of production relations and that of social relations.The transformation of economic basis and social structure promotes the transformation of political superstructure,and further promotes the political transformation and that of political parties.The value and function of political parties and the openness of party politics not only determine the participation of the public in politics,but also determine the recognition and support of the general public for political parties.People's will determines the rise or fall of political parties and the success or failure of their ruling,which is the unchangeable law for the development of all party politics in the world.