巨噬细胞在高血压发生发展及靶器官损伤中的作用

Role of Macrophages in the Occurrence and Development of Hypertension and Target Organ Damage

高血压是心血管疾病的重要危险因素,如血压未得到有效控制会导致严重的靶器官损伤,如充血性心力衰竭、心肌梗死、卒中和慢性肾脏病等。近年研究发现,免疫反应及炎症反应可参与高血压的发生发展,巨噬细胞作为免疫反应的重要组分,在高血压的发病机制中发挥了重要作用。本研究主要综述了巨噬细胞及其功能、巨噬细胞在高血压发生发展中的作用及巨噬细胞介导靶器官损伤的机制,并发现巨噬细胞主要通过活性氧、巨噬细胞集落刺激因子、肾素-血管紧张素系统及盐敏感性等多种机制在高血压的发生发展中发挥重要作用。此外,巨噬细胞还通过多种细胞因子、趋化因子、信号转导通路参与心脏、脑、血管、肾脏等高血压相关靶器官损伤。

Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease.If blood pressure is not effectively controlled,hypertension will lead to serious target organ damage,such as congestive heart failure,myocardial infarction,stroke and chronic kidney disease.Recent studies have found that immune and inflammatory responses can be involved in the occurrence and development of hypertension.As an important component of the immune response,macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.This study mainly reviews macrophages and their functions,the role of macrophages in the development of hypertension and the mechanism of macrophage-mediated target organ damage.It is found that macrophages play an important role in the development of hypertension mainly through reactive oxygen species(ROS),macrophage colony stimulating factor(M-CSF),renin-angiotensin system(RAS)and salt sensitivity.In addition,macrophages are also involved in hypertension-related target organ damage such as heart,brain,blood vessels and kidney through a variety of cytokines,chemokines and signal transduction pathways.