体育与生态共生的山林场馆——北京冬奥会延庆赛区及其场馆规划和设计研究与实践

A Mountain Forest Venue with Symbiotic Relationship between Sports and Ecology-Research and Practice of Yanqing Competition Area and Venue Planning and Design for the Beijing Winter Olympic Games

延庆赛区是北京冬奥会三大赛区之一,有着冬奥历史上最难设计的赛道和最为复杂的场馆,也是最具挑战性的冬奥赛区。以“山林场馆、生态冬奥”作为延庆赛区及其场馆的规划设计理念,分别从赛区总体布局与可持续设计、国家高山滑雪中心及国家雪车雪橇中心两个竞赛场馆、延庆冬奥村及山地新闻中心两个非竞赛场馆、以及相关配套设施等方面对山林场馆规划设计进行了全面介绍。并在建筑学和文化层面深入阐述山林场馆和其文化情境规划,山林场馆实现了人工与自然之间共生与互成的空间与情境。山林场馆建设创建了冬奥会级别高山滑雪和雪车雪橇赛道及场馆设计、建造、运行成套创新技术体系,在世界范围内开创了山体南坡建设雪车雪橇赛道的先例。

Yanqing Competition Area is one of the three major competition areas of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games.It has the most difficult track to design and the most complex venues in the history of the Winter Olympic Games,and it is also the most challenging Winter Olympic competition area.Taking“Mountain Forest Venues and Ecological Winter Olympic Games”as the planning and design concept of Yanqing competition area and its venues,the planning and design of mountain forest venues are comprehensively introduced from the aspects of the overall layout and sustainable design of the competition area,two competition venues of the National Alpine Ski Center and the National Snowmobile Center,two non competition venues of Yanqing Winter Olympic Village and Mountain News Center,and related supporting facilities.In addition,the planning of mountain and forest venues and their cultural context are elaborated architecturally and culturally.Mountain and forest venues imply the space and context of symbiosis and mutual integration between man and nature.The construction of mountain forest venues creates a complete set of innovative technical systems for the design,construction and operation of the Winter Olympics alpine ski and snowmobile tracks and venues,and sets a precedent for the construction of snowmobile tracks on the south slope of a mountain in the world.