自尊在青少年抑郁与游戏障碍间的中介效应分析

The Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem on Adolescent Depression and Gaming Disorder

目的调查青少年游戏障碍现状,探索游戏障碍和抑郁、自尊、社会支持的关系,为降低青少年游戏障碍提供参考。方法厦门市仙岳医院于2021年10月—2022年3月采用问卷调查法对725名青少年进行调查,采用抑郁症筛查量表(patients health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)、自尊量表(the self-esteem scale,SES)、领悟社会支持量表(perceived social support scale,PSSS)、游戏障碍筛查量表(gaming disorder screening scale,GDSS)进行测量。数据分析采用SPSS 25.0统计学软件,用Pearson相关方法探究各变量之间的相关关系,通过PROCESS分析社会支持的调节效应。结果纳入725名青少年,游戏障碍筛查量表各维度在性别上均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)、抑郁与游戏障碍呈正相关(r=0.370,P<0.001)、自尊与游戏障碍呈负相关(r=-0.268,P<0.001)、社会支持与游戏障碍呈负相关(r=-0.164,P<0.001)。自尊的中介作用显著(P<0.05),社会支持对自尊与游戏行为的调节作用显著(P<0.05)。结论自尊对抑郁和游戏障碍起部分中介作用,社会支持在此模型中起调节作用。未来预防工作的重点应注重青少年抑郁、自尊的筛查。减轻游戏障碍的抑郁症状、提升其自尊水平、加强社会支持作为预防游戏障碍的方法。

Objective To investigate the current situation of adolescent gaming disorder,explore the relationship between gaming disorder and depression,self-esteem and social support,and provide reference for reducing adolescent gaming disorder.Methods A total of 725 adolescents were investigated by questionnaire in Xiamen Xianyue Hospital from October 2021 to March 2022,and patients health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),the self-esteem scale(SES),perceived social support scale(PSSS)and gaming disorder screening scale(GDSS)were used to measure.The data analysis uses SPSS 25.0 software,pearson correlation method to explore the correlation between variables,and PROCESS analysis to understand the regulatory effect of social support.Results Among 725 adolescents,there were significant differences in gender in all dimensions of gaming disorder(P<0.05),depression was positively correlated with gaming disorder(r=0.370,P<0.001),self-esteem was negatively correlated with gaming disorder(r=-0.268,P<0.001),and social support was negatively correlated with gaming disorder(r=-0.164,P<0.001).The mediating effect of self-esteem was significant(P<0.05),and the moderating effect of social support on self-esteem and game behavior was significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Self-esteem plays a partial mediating role in depression and gaming disorder,and social support plays a moderating role in this model.In the future,the focus of prevention work should be on the screening of adolescents’depression and self-esteem.Alleviating the depressive symptoms of gaming disorder,improving their self-esteem and strengthening social support are the methods to prevent gaming disorder.