高校排球运动员运动损伤机制及预防措施

Sports Injury Mechanism and Preventive Measures for College Volleyball Players

目的:通过研究分析排球运动员损伤部位解剖结构以及项目运动特点,探究排球运动员运动损伤机制,并根据研究结果提出预防建议。方法:采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法为该研究提供理论、数据支撑。结果:16位运动员均有损伤且主要出现在肩、腰、膝、脚踝4个部位,其中以腰、膝盖损伤人数最多,脚踝次之。损伤原因主要包括专位特征影响;青年运动员身体各项素质发展不全面,技术掌握粗糙;训练针对性不足,训练负荷安排不合理;运动员自身防护意识不够,运动营养手段缺乏等。结论:运动员损伤的部位与专位特征关系密切,产生运动损伤的主要原因有技术动作不规范、心理素质薄弱、运动负荷过大以及训练针对性不足等几方面因素。预防措施包括强化基础体能,加强基础动作练习,科学训练,提高心理素质,自我防护。

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of sports injuries for volleyball players by studying and analyzing the anatomical structure of volleyball players'injury sites and the sports characteristics of the event,and propose prevention suggestions based on research results.Methods:The literature method,expert interview method and questionnaire method were used to provide theoretical and data support for this study.Results:All sixteen athletes had injuries and mainly occurred in the shoulder,waist,knee and ankle,of which the number of waist and knee injuries was the larges,followed by the number of ankle injuries.Reasons for injuries mainly included the influence of specific features,the incomplete development of various physical qualities of young athletes and the rough mastery of technology,insufficient training pertinence and unreasonable training load arrangement,and insufficient athletes'self-protection awareness and lack of sports nutrition means.Conclusion:The parts of athletes'injuries were closely related to specific features,and the main reasons for sports injuries were irregular technical movements,weak psychological quality,excessive sports load and insufficient training pertinence.Preventive measures include strengthening basic physical fitness,strengthening basic movement practice,scientifically training,improving psychological quality and self protecting.