低轴压比夹芯复合剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

Experimental study on seismic behavior of sandwich composite shear wall with low axial compression ratio

针对寒区传统村镇砌体结构抗震及节能水平较低的现状,提出一种由内外叶墙和内置聚苯板保温层组成的夹芯复合剪力墙结构。为研究该夹芯复合剪力墙的地震破坏模式、抗震性能指标,本文设计了2组与村镇建筑实情相吻合的低轴压比墙体试件,即1个实心剪力墙试件和1个夹芯复合剪力墙试件,分别进行低周往复水平加载试验,对比了2种墙体的破坏模式、抗震承载力、滞回及骨架曲线、刚度退化规律、延性及耗能能力等抗震性能指标。研究结果表明:在水平地震作用下,低轴压比的夹芯复合剪力墙和实心剪力墙分别发生剪切滑移破坏和压弯破坏;夹芯复合剪力墙承载力是实心墙的0.87倍,滞回曲线更为饱满,其延性和耗能能力分别是实心剪力墙的2.3倍、1.64倍,其层间位移角达到规范剪力墙限值要求;夹芯复合剪力墙内外叶墙通过三维钢丝网架可实现协同抗震工作,应适当提高竖向插筋配筋率。相关结论可为村镇夹芯复合剪力墙结构设计提供依据。

In view of the low level of seismic resistance and energy saving of masonry structures in traditional villages and towns in cold areas,a sandwich composite shear wall structure composed of inner and outer leaf walls and built-in polystyrene board insulation layer is proposed.In order to study the seismic failure mode and seismic performance index of the sandwich composite shear wall,two groups of wall specimens with low axial compression ratio which are consistent with the actual situation of village buildings are designed.They are one solid shear wall specimen and one sandwich composite shear wall specimen,and the low cycle reciprocating horizontal loading test is carried out respectively.The seismic performance indexes of the two types of walls compared,such as failure mode,seismic bearing capacity,hysteretic and skeleton curve,stiffness degradation law,ductility and energy dissipation capacity.The results show that under the action of horizontal earthquake,the sandwich composite shear wall and solid shear wall with low axial compression ratio have shear slip failure and compression bending failure respectively.The bearing capacity of sandwich composite shear wall is O.87 times that of solid shear wall,the ductility and energy dissipation capacity are 2.3 times and 1.64 times respectively.In addition,the hysteresis curve of sandwich shear wall is fuller,and its inter layer displacement angle can also meet the requirements of the code.The inner and outer leaf walls of sandwich composite shear wall can realize cooperative seismic work through three-dimensional steel wire grid,and the reinforcement ratio of vertical joint reinforcement should be appropriately improved.The relevant conclusions can provide a basis for the design of sandwich composite shear wall structure in villages and towns.