乡村传统型公共文化空间的良性再生产——以湖北恩施州咸丰县严家祠堂为例

Virtuous Reproduction of Rural Traditional Public Cultural Space:a Case Study of Yanjia Ancestral Hall in Xianfeng of Hubei Province

乡村传统型公共文化空间是乡村传统文化的传承载体,也是乡村居民在人际交往过程中形成的公共生活场域。基于空间生产理论,采用个案深描的方法,以湖北恩施州咸丰县严家祠堂为例,探析乡村传统型公共文化空间的衰落表征及其再造逻辑。权力、阶层和资本在空间生产过程中的错位和缺场,使乡村传统型公共文化空间呈现物理空间压缩、社会空间冷场和精神空间逼仄三重衰落态势。空间再生产的过程是权力、阶层和资本三种要素在空间重新协调匹配的过程。在乡村传统型公共文化空间再造过程中,政府和民间力量充分在场,二者通过物质场所修复、社会关系生产和道德共识凝聚的交织互动不断优化空间再生产实践效果,但是市场资本的力量相对有限,在一定程度上削弱了空间生产的能力。

Rural traditional public cultural space is not only the inheritance carrier of traditional rural culture,but also thefield for public life,which is formed by rural residents in the process of interpersonal communication.This article,based on the theory of the Production of Space,adopts the research method of case study,and takes Yanjia Ancestral Hall in Xianfeng,Enshi,Hubei Province as an example to explore the representation of decline and logic of reconstruction of traditional rural public cultural space.The findings are as follows:firstly,the“absence”and“dislocation”of power,class and capital in the process of space production makes the traditional rural public cultural space show a triple decline trend in“compression”of physical space,“alienation”of social space and“narrowness”of spiritual space;secondly,the space reproduction is a process in which power,class and capital re-coordinate in space.In the process of reconstructing traditional rural public cultural space,the government and folk forces are fully“present”.Both of them take the way of repairing material places,producing social relations and consolidating moral consensus to continuously optimize the practice effect of space reproduction,while the power of market capital is relatively limited.