财富的德性:共同富裕理念的人类文明史意义

The Virtue of Wealth:The Significance of the Concept of Common Prosperity in the History of Human Civilization

在社会历史视角下,财富成为联系人们社会生活关系的重要因素,财富之德性正是在“共同的劳作”与“共同的享受”中使得人们“在一起”的共同生活成为可能。于是,以整个人类文明史为视域,财富的价值论得以完整揭示,共同富裕的文明史意义得以展现。其一,在人类文明的精神现象学向度上,财富从自然性存在提升到精神性存在,成为“伦理普遍物”,共同富裕的文明问题在超越“劳动异化”与“精神贫困”的基础上获得统一。其二,在人类文明的社会形态演进中,满足人的自由与发展成为根本性的“文明问题”,其表现在从“有财而不富”的自然文明形态到“有富而不贵”的资本文明形态,再到物质与精神共同富裕的人本文明形态。其三,在人类文明的共同体生存向度上,共同富裕揭示了共同体的生存智慧,即从乌托邦到自由人的联合体,从小康之家到大同世界,每个人劳动与享受是一切人劳动与享受的条件,从而表达了天下为公的人类文明终极追求。

From the perspective of social history,wealth has become an important factor connecting people’s social life.The virtue of wealth makes it possible for people to live together in“common work”and“common enjoyment”.Therefore,from the perspective of the whole history of human civilization,the value of wealth can be fully revealed,and the significance of common prosperity in the history of civilization can be demonstrated.Firstly,in the spiritual phenomenological dimension of human civilization,wealth has been upgraded from natural existence to a spiritual existence,becoming an“ethical universal”.Secondly,in the evolution of the social form of human civilization,the pursuit of wealth as the premise to meet human freedom and development has become a fundamental“civilization problem”,which is manifested in the form of natural civilization that is“having wealth but not being rich”,the form of capital civilization that is“rich but not noble”,and then the form of human civilization that is both material and spiritual.Thirdly,in terms of the community survival dimension of human civilization,common prosperity has revealed the survival wisdom of the community-from Utopia to the union of free people,from a well-off family to a harmonious world-everyone’s labor and enjoyment are the conditions of all people’s labor and enjoyment,thus expressing the ultimate pursuit of human civilization for the world.