认真对待法定数字货币的知识基础——数字人民币的三个争议问题及其澄清

Taking the Knowledge Base of Legal Digital Currency Seriously:Three Controversies on E-CNY and Their Clarification

数字人民币处于技术、金融与法律的交汇点,各维度要素在交叉转译时容易发生错乱,相关理论争议亟待澄清。概念共识是前提,应以记账符号和支付工具的双重法定性为界定标准,统一“法定货币”术语口径,并厘清法偿性的域内外规范内涵。作为法定货币的数字人民币定位于货币层级体系顶端,是其他形式货币的价值锚定标准和最初信用来源,由此决定资产负债表构造及法律上的保管与支付服务关系,使其暂不存在计息空间。法律属性方面,根据特殊对象型货币的本体设计特征,应经由拟制技术将数字人民币视为特殊动产,并以边际成本作为法偿性“不得拒收”的主要执法参照。

E-CNY is at the intersection of technology,finance and law,and the elements of various dimensions are prone to confusion during cross translation.Consensus on conceptual terms is the premise,and we should take the official nature of accounting symbols and payment tools as the double definition standard,unify the terminology of“legal tender”,and clarify the connotation of relative internal and external norms.As legal tender,e-CNY is located at the top of the monetary hierarchy.It is the value anchoring standard and the initial credit source of other forms of currency.