基于冰山理论的个性化护理对克罗恩病的影响

Iceberg theory-based analysis on the effects of individualized nursing on patients with Crohn’s disease

目的分析基于冰山理论的个性化护理对克罗恩病(CD)焦虑、抑郁、病耻感、生活质量的影响。方法选择2020年5月至2022年3月联勤保障部队第九〇九医院治疗的CD患者120例,采用随机数表法分为对照组(n=60)和试验组(n=60),对照组采用常规护理,试验组在常规护理基础上加用基于冰山理论的个性化护理,干预前后使用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、社会影响量表、IBD患者生存质量问卷进行调查(IBDQ)进行评估。结果干预前两组间SAS、SDS、病耻感、IBDQ评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后试验组SAS、SDS、病耻感四个维度以及总得分均低于干预前和对照组,IBDQ四个维度以及总得均高于干预前和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前后SDS与SAS、病耻感均呈正相关,与IBDQ呈负相关,病耻感与SAS呈正相关,与IBDQ呈负相关,IBDQ与SAS呈负相关。结论基于冰山理论的个性化护理可有效降低CD患者SDS、SAS、病耻感评分,提高患者生活质量。

Objective To analyze the effects of individualized nursing on anxiety,depression,stigma,and quality of life of patients with Crohn’s disease(CD)based on iceberg theory.Methods A total of 120 patients with CD treated at The 909th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the People’s Liberation Army from May 2020 and March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.These patients were divided into a control group(n=60)and an experimental group(n=60)according to the random number table method.The control group received conventional nursing,while the experimental group received iceberg theory-based individualized nursing on t he basis of conventional nursi ng.All patient s were surveyed by the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),the Social Influence Scale(SIS),and the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire(IBDQ)before and after the intervention for evaluation.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the control group and the experimental group in SAS,SDS,stigma,and IBDQ scores before intervention(P>0.05).After intervention,SAS and SDS scores,total stigma score and IBDQ scores in the experimental group were lower than those before intervention and those in the control group,while total IBDQ score and the scores of its four dimensions in the experimental group were higher than those before intervention and those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Before and after intervention,SDS was positively correlated with SAS and stigma,and negatively correlated with IBDQ,stigma was positively correlated with SAS and negatively correlated with IBDQ,and IBDQ was negatively correlated with SAS.Conclusion Iceberg theory-based individualized nursing can effectively reduce SDS,SAS,and stigma scores in CD patients and improve their quality of life.