幽门螺杆菌相关胃炎患者唾液菌群的研究

Salivary flora in Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis

目的探究幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)相关胃炎(HpAG)患者和健康人群的唾液菌群特征,找出HpAG患者与无H.pylori感染人群唾液菌群之间的差异。方法选取符合纳入标准的门诊及住院HpAG患者30例(HP组),无H.pylori感染者30例(HC组),收集2组人群唾液标本,通过PCR法扩增16S rRNA基因V3―V4区,经过高通量测序后,对测序数据处理后进行ASV注释、群落结构及多样性分析。结果群落结构分析表示HpAG患者有其特征性的菌群结构。门水平上,HC组与HP组患者均以拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteriota)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)为主要优势菌门。与HC组比较,HP组患者唾液菌群中Fusobacteriota相对丰度显著增加(t=2.01,P<0.05)。属水平上,HC组与HP组患者均以普雷沃菌属(Prevotella)、奈瑟菌属(Neisseria)、嗜血杆菌属(Haemophilus)、卟啉菌属(Porphyromonas)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)和梭杆菌属(Fusobacterium)为优势菌属。与HC组比较,HP组患者梭菌属(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1)(t=3.50,P<0.01)、埃希—志贺菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)(t=2.83,P<0.01)和克雷伯菌属(Klebsiella)(t=2.61,P<0.05)相对丰度显著降低,放线菌属(Actinomyces)(t=2.07,P<0.05)、大肠弯曲杆菌属(Campylobacter)(t=2.07,P<0.05,)、卡氏菌属(Catonella)(t=2.20,P<0.05)、Muribaculaceae(t=2.90,P<0.01)、Oribacterium(t=2.27,P<0.05)、约翰森菌属(Johnsonella)(t=2.60,P<0.05)和Prevotellaceae_UCG-001(t=2.41,P<0.05)相对丰度显著增多。结论HpAG患者与无H.pylori感染人群唾液菌群之间具有差异性。HpAG患者口腔菌群发生紊乱,表现为多样性下降,菌群结构发生改变。

Objective To explore the characteristics of salivary flora in patients with Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis(HpAG)and the normal population,and find out the specific expression bacteria in the saliva of patients with HpAG.Methods Thirty outpatient and inpatient HpAG patients(HP group)and 30 healthy volunteers(HC group)meeting the inclusion criteria were selected.Saliva samples were collected and 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region was amplified with PCR.After high-throughput sequencing,the sequencing data were processed for ASV annotation,community structure and diversity analysis.Results Analysis of community structure indicated that HpAG patients had characteristic bacterial community structure.At the phylum level,Bacteroidota,Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Fusobacteriota and Actinobacteriota were the main dominant phyla in both groups.Compared with HC group,the relative abundance of Fusobacteriota in saliva of HP group significantly increased(t=2.01,P<0.05).At the genus level,Prevotella,Neisseria,Haemophilus,Porphyromonas,Streptococcus and Fusobacterium were the dominant bacteria in both groups.Compared with HC group,the bacteria which significantly reduced in HP group were Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1(t=3.50,P<0.01),Escherichia-Shigella(t=2.83,P<0.01)and Klebsiella(t=2.61,P<0.05);the bacteria which significantly increased were Actinomyces(t=2.07,P<0.05),Campylobacter(t=2.07,P<0.05),Catonella(t=2.20,P<0.05),Muribaculaceae(t=2.27,P<0.01),Oribacterium(t=2.07,P<0.05),Johnsonella(t=2.60,P<0.05),and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001(t=2.41,P<0.05).Conclusion There is a difference in saliva flora between HpAG patients and individuals without Hp infection.HpAG patients have disorder of oral flora,which is characterized by decreased diversity and changes in flora structure.