认知症老年人居家照顾者生活照护和关怀能力培训方案的构建

Construction of the training program for life care and caring abilities of home caregivers for the aged with cognitive impairment

目的构建认知症老年人居家照顾者生活照护和关怀能力培训方案,为开展相关培训提供依据。方法于2021年4—5月,通过文献回顾、小组讨论初步拟定培训方案。采用目的抽样法,于2021年6—7月,选取来自北京市、河北省、湖南省的12名专家进行2轮德尔菲专家函询,最终构建认知症老年人居家照顾者生活照护和关怀能力培训方案。结果2轮专家函询的问卷有效回收率均为100.00%(12/12)。12名专家的权威系数为0.891;第2轮一、二、三级指标的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.417、0.205、0.200(P<0.05);第2轮函询后各条目重要性赋值均数均>3.500分,变异系数均<0.250。最终构建的认知症老年人居家照顾者生活照护和关怀能力培训方案包括4个培训模块,11个培训条目,35个培训内容,培训形式有PPT讲授、视频学习、案例分析、角色扮演、操作演示、实践练习、照顾者自我分享等。结论本研究构建的认知症老年人居家照顾者生活照护与关怀能力培训方案具有较好的科学性与实用性,可为认知症老年人居家照顾者的培训提供依据。

Objective To construct a training program for the life care and caring abilities of home caregivers for the aged with cognitive impairment,so as to provide a basis for conducting training.Methods From April to May 2021,a preliminary training program was developed through literature review and group discussion.From June to July 2021,purposive sampling was used to select 12 experts from Beijing city,Hebei and Hunan provinces to conduct two rounds of Delphi expert consultation,and finally a training program for life care and caring abilities of home caregivers for the aged with cognitive impairment was constructed.Results The effective recovery rate of the questionnaire from two rounds of expert consultation was 100.00%(12/12).The authority coefficient of 12 experts was 0.891.The Kendall's W of the first,second,and third level indicators in the second round of consultation were 0.417,0.205 and 0.200 respectively(P<0.05).After the second round of consultation,the average value of each item's importance assignment was>3.500,and the coefficient of variation was<0.250.The final training program for the life care and caring abilities of home caregivers for the aged with cognitive impairment included 4 training modules,11 training items,and 35 training content.Training forms included PPT teaching,video learning,case analysis,role playing,operational demonstrations,practical exercises,caregiver self-sharing,and other forms.Conclusions The training program for life care and caring abilities of home caregivers for the aged with cognitive impairment has good scientific and practical significance,and can provide a basis for the training of home caregivers for the aged with cognitive impairment.