沉沙池S型集沙涵结构优化研究

Research on Optimization of S-type Sand Collection Culvert Structure of Sedimentation Basin

沉沙池是农业灌溉工程中的重要水利设施之一,对降低水流含沙量、提高水流利用率有着重要作用。为提高沉沙池排沙效率,在渭干河干渠S型沉沙池结构基础上设计了直线型集沙涵结构,通过原型观测试验结果,与物理模型试验和数值模拟相结合,明确了S型和直线型集沙涵水流水力特性。试验结果表明,Fluent软件可有效模拟局部沉沙池运行过程,由于S型集沙涵末端水流流速较小,导致集沙涵内泥沙出现淤积,直线型结构则能有效提高集沙涵内整体水流流速,集沙涵末端廊道内水流流速从0m/s提升至0.4~0.7m/s,从而提高沉沙池排沙效率。该研究可为优化沉沙池结构、提高沉沙池排沙效率提供科学依据和技术支撑。

sedimentation basin is one of the important water conservancy facilities to reduce the sand content of water flow in agricultural irrigation projects,which plays an important role in reducing the sand content of water flow and improving the utilization rate of water flow.In order to improve the efficiency of sand sedimentation basin discharge,a linear sand collection culvert structure was designed based on the S-type structure of the sedimentation basin in the Weigan River dry canal.The hydraulic characteristics of the S-type and linear sand collection culvert water flow were clarified by combining the experimental results of prototype observation with physical model tests and numerical simulations.The experimental results show that Fluent software can effectively simulate the operation process of local sand traps;Due to the low flow velocity at the end of the S-type sand trap,the sediment accumulation in the sand trap is caused,while the linear structure effectively increases the overall flow velocity in the sand trap,and the flow velocity in the corridor at the end of the sand trap is increased from O m/s to 0.4 m/s-0.7 m/s,thus improving the sand discharge efficiency of the sand trap.This study can provide scientific basis and technical support for optimizing the structure of the sand sink and improving the sand discharge efficiency of the sedimentation basin.