基于应变模态的采煤机摇臂振动特性及实验研究

Vibration characteristics and experimental study of shearer rocker arm based on strain mode

为解决采煤机截割煤岩过程中摇臂在重载、强冲击下容易损坏的问题,以MG500/1130-WD型采煤机为研究对象,提出一种基于应变模态的采煤机摇臂振动特性辨识方法。利用Block Lanczos方法对摇臂壳体进行模态分析,获得采煤机摇臂前10阶固有频率,分析摇臂壳体与传动系统的2阶模态共振特性。根据实际截割工况,通过EDEM模拟获得截割滚筒三向截割载荷及三向截割阻力矩,使用ADAMS、EDEM、ANSYS对摇臂进行刚柔耦合动力学联合仿真,得到摇臂2阶应变模态固有频率为63.98 Hz,搭建摇臂应变数据采集系统,面向摇臂关键截面的应变响应进行截割实验,并对采集数据进行时域与频域分析。研究表明:应变模态分析与联合仿真所得摇臂2阶固有频率误差为0.52%,摇臂前2阶固有频率的模态分析与实验误差小于5%。应变模态分析方法可有效识别采煤机摇臂低阶固有频率和低频激励,为采煤机摇臂的振动研究提供新思路。

In order to solve the vibration problem of the rocker arm in the cutting process,taking MG500/1130-WD shearer as the research object,a method of vibration characteristic identification of the rocker arm based on strain mode was proposed.The Block Lanczos method was used to conduct modal analysis on the rocker arm housing,to obtain the first 10 natural frequencies of the rocker arm of the coal miner,and to analyze the 2-order modal resonance characteristics of the rocker arm housing and the transmission system.According to actual working condition of cutting,three-way cutting load and three-way cutting resistance moment of cutting drum were obtained by EDEM simulation,based on the ADAMS-EDEM-ANSYS joint simulation dynamics of the rocker,the rocker arm 2 order strain modal natural frequency was 63.98 Hz.The rocker arm strain data acquisition system was built,to test the strain response of key section of rocker arm and analyze the data in time and frequency domain.The results show that the error of the second order natural frequency of the rocker arm obtained by strain modal analysis and co-simulation is 0.52%,and the error of the modal analysis and experiment of the second order natural frequency of the rocker arm is less than 5%.The strain modal analysis method can effectively identify the low natural frequency and low frequency excitation of the shearer rocker arm and provide a new idea for the vibration research of shearer rocker arm.