广西野生秋海棠植物资源与园林应用综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Plant Resources and Gardening Application of Wild Begonia in Guangxi

广西境内的秋海棠属植物资源丰富,开发应用前景广阔。通过对广西野生秋海棠的调查和栽培实验,应用层次分析法和熵权法,对60种广西野生秋海棠进行综合评价,为秋海棠的引种驯化和园林应用等方面提供科学依据。评价体系由观赏特性、生物学特性及开发潜力3个准则层及16个评价因子构成。研究发现:1)伞叶秋海棠等8种植物具有观赏价值高、抗逆性强、适宜范围广、应用方式多样等特点,综合评级为I级;2)黑峰秋海棠等14种植物具有适应性强、养护简单等特点,开发潜力较好,但观赏性稍逊一筹,综合评级为II级;3)桂南秋海棠等18种植物具有养护简单、生长势强等特点,开发应用价值一般,综合评级为Ⅲ级;4)大新秋海棠等13种植物在适应性方面较低,在园林推广应用方面不占优势,但可在特定领域展现出自身价值,综合评级为Ⅳ级;5)崇左秋海棠等7种植物的园林应用价值较低,适应性也较差,可作为种质资源保存在基因库中,综合评级为Ⅴ级。研究建立的野生秋海棠植物资源综合评价体系,对广西乃至全国的野生秋海棠资源开发和利用具有重要的理论和现实意义。

Wild Begonias in Guangxi are rich in resources,which have great prospects for development and application.Through the investigation and cultivation experiments of wild Begonia in Guangxi,and by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and the Entropy Weight Method(EWM),this paper comprehensively evaluated 60 species of wild Begonia in Guangxi to provide scientific basis for the introduction,domestication and gardening applications of Begonia.The evaluation system consisted of ornamental characteristics,biological characteristics,development potential and 16 evaluation factors.This study found that:1)8 species were Class I,such as Begonia umbraculifolia,which had high ornamental value,strong resistance,wide range of suitability,and various applications.2)14 species were Class II,such as Begonia ferox,which had high ornamental value,strong adaptability,and simple maintenance,with good development potential,but slightly inferior ornamental value.3)18 species were Class III,such as Begonia austroguangxiensis,which had simple maintenance,strong growth potential,general development and application value.4)13 species were Class IV,such as Begonia daxinensis,which had low adaptability.They did not have advantages in garden promotion and application,but could show their value in specific areas.5)7 species were Class V,such as Begonia chongzuoensis,which had low garden application value and poor adaptability.They could be preserved in the gene pool as germplasm resources.The comprehensive evaluation system of wild Begonia resources established in this study has important theoretical and practical significance for the development and utilization of wild Begonia resources in Guangxi and even in China.