铝合金除灰剂的配方研发与设计

Research and design of ash remover for aluminum alloy

铝合金在高温清洗或强碱碱蚀加工条件下会出现一层挂灰,其主要成分为直径极小的碳粒、硅粒。挂灰具有强烈的疏水和疏油性能,无论是亲油性或亲水性清洗剂都很难彻底将其清洗干净。残留在金属表面的挂灰直接影响后续氧化、着色、喷涂的质量。以PO嵌段脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物FMEE和磺酸盐FMES为清洗成分,通过复配渗透剂伯烷基磺酸钠PAS-80、除灰剂乙二胺二邻苯基乙酸钠EDDHA-Na、溶剂乙二醇单丁醚获得低温脱脂、除灰二合一的清洗剂,并通过单因素实验分析了壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、硫脲和植酸对挂灰清洗的影响,最终确定了除油除灰二合一清洗剂的配方为:6%PO嵌段脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物FMEE,6%脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物磺酸盐FMES,2%伯烷基磺酸钠PAS-80,7%乙二胺二邻苯基乙酸钠EDDHA-Na,5%乙二醇单丁醚,4%壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯TXP,3%硫脲,6%植酸,61%水。

A layer of ash will appear on the aluminum alloy under the condition of high temperature cleaning or strong alkali corro⁃sion,which is mainly composed of carbon particles and silicon particles with little diameter,no matter it is lipophilic or hydrophilic cleaning agent,it is very difficult to clean the ash thoroughly.The ash hanging on the metal surface directly affects the quality of subse⁃quent oxidation,coloring and spraying.A low temperature degreasing and ash removing cleaning agent was prepared by compounding the PO block fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylatesFMEE and FMES with the penetrating agent PAS 80,the ash removing agent ED⁃DHA-Na and the solvent 2-butoxyethanol,the influence of phosphate ester,thiourea and phytic acid on the cleaning of ash was ana⁃lyzed by single factor experiment.The formula of the two-in-one cleaning agent was determined as PO block FMEE 6%,FMES 6%,PAS-802%,EDDHA-Na 7%,2-butoxyethanol 5%,TXP 4%,thiourea 3%,phytic acid 6%,pure water 61%.