细胞焦亡在肠黏膜屏障损伤机制中的作用

Role of pyroptosis in intestinal mucosal barrier damage mechanism

肠上皮细胞、免疫系统及微生物的相互联系维持肠黏膜屏障完整性和自我更新。肠黏膜屏障损伤易导致难以预测的严重疾病发生。细胞焦亡是一种由活化的半胱天冬酶切割Gasdermin家族蛋白介导的炎症细胞死亡形式,在急慢性疾病控制中发挥重要作用。病理生理状态下,细胞焦亡参与肠黏膜屏障损伤及异常免疫调节,最终导致多种肠道疾病发生。本文综述细胞焦亡在肠道感染、肠缺血再灌注、坏死性小肠结肠炎及炎症性肠病中的最新调控机制,针对此类肠道疾病提供新的有效治疗策略。

Interconnection between intestinal epithelial cells,immune system and microorganisms maintains integrity and self-renewal of intestinal mucosal barrier.Damage to intestinal mucosal barrier predisposes to development of unpredictable serious diseases.Pyroptosis,a form of inflammatory cell death mediated by cleavage of Gasdermin family proteins by activated cysteine aspartases,plays an instrumental role in control of acute and chronic diseases.Under pathophysiological conditions,pyroptosis is involved in intes‐tinal mucosal barrier damage and abnormal immune regulation,ultimately leading to a variety of intestinal diseases.This paper aims to discuss latest regulatory mechanisms of pyroptosis in intestinal infections,intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury,necrotizing small bowel colitis and inflammatory bowel disease,and to recommend novel and effective therapeutic strategies for these intestinal diseases.