新“两法”实施下的未成年人检察监督工作优化路径探析

Optimized Paths for Procuratorial Supervision in Implementation of the“Two Laws”for Minors

2021年新修订的《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》和《中华人民共和国预防未成年人犯罪法》在立法层面明确提出检察机关依法行使检察权,对涉未成年人案件进行监督,在立法理论、内容和体系上,重新确立了检察机关的法律监督者地位,支撑起检察机关未成年人检察监督权的行使。然而在具体实践中,仍存在法律援引困难、协调机制不完善、监督手段刚性不足、检察队伍量质不足的问题,使得未成年人检察监督实践负担重、质效低。针对这些问题,文章提出应当进一步推动未成年人检察监督相关立法完善、推动检察机关与责任主体之间联动机制建设、增强检察监督手段和方式的刚性、加强检察机关队伍建设等建议,旨在充分发挥检察监督的作用,有效保障新时代未成年人的权益。

The newly revised Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Minors and Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency(hereinafter referred to as the new“two laws”)in 2021 clearly put forward at the legislative level that procuratorial organs exercise procuratorial power according to law and supervise cases involving minors.In terms of legislative theory,content and system,the new“two laws”re-established the status of legal supervisor of procuratorial organs and supported the exercise of procuratorial supervision power of minors by procuratorial organs.However,in practice,there are still some problems,such as difficulties in legal citation,imperfect coordination mechanism,insufficient rigidity of supervision means,and insufficient quality of procuratorial team,which make the practice of procuratorial supervision of minors burdensome and inefficient.In view of these problems,this paper proposes that we should further promote the improvement of relevant legislation on procuratorial supervision of minors,promote the construction of linkage mechanism between procuratorial organs and responsible subjects,enhance the rigidity of procuratorial supervision means and methods,and strengthen the construction of procuratorial organs to play the role of procuratorial supervision and protect the rights and interests of minors in China in the new era.