植物源miR156a-5p对五指山断奶仔猪肠道菌群和上皮屏障的影响

Barrier of Wuzhishan Weaned Piglets

本试验旨在探究植物源miR156a-5p对五指山断奶仔猪肠道菌群和上皮屏障的影响。选取初始体重为(5.82±0.13)kg的35日五指山龄断奶仔猪12头,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头。对照组饲喂无意义单链核酸,试验组饲喂合成的植物源miR156a-5p(每天600 pmol/kg)。试验期7 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)试验组的终末体重和平均日增重均无显著差异(P>0.05),肺脏指数显著增加(P<0.05);2)试验组的血清白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著或极显著提高(P<0.05);3)试验组十二指肠Chao1指数和Observed_otus指数显著提高(P<0.05),空肠Simpson指数显著降低(P<0.05),盲肠Shanon指数和Simpson指数显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),结肠Simpson指数显著提高(P<0.05);4)试验组十二指肠拟杆菌目(Bacteroidales)、拟杆菌纲(Bacteroidia)和拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)的富集显著增加(P<0.05),十二指肠纤毛菌属(Leptotrichia)、颤螺旋菌属(Oscillibacter)、UCG-010、螺杆菌属(Helicobacter)、脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio)、Clostridia_vadinBB60_group、副萨特氏菌属(Parasutterella)和理研菌属(Rikenella)等的富集显著增加(P<0.05);5)试验组十二指肠pH和隐窝深度极显著提高(P<0.01);6)试验组十二指肠载脂蛋白A1(APOA1)和尾型同源盒转录因子2(CDX2)mRNA相对表达量极显著上调(P<0.01),十二指肠黏糖蛋白2(MUC2)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和β防御素1(DEFB1)mRNA相对表达量显著上调(P<0.05)。综上所述,植物源miR156a-5p可调节断奶五指山仔猪十二指肠、空肠、盲肠和结肠菌群α多样性,增加十二指肠pH及拟杆菌纲、目和属水平的富集,改善十二指肠上皮分化、化学屏障和黏膜免疫屏障功能。

This study aimed to investigate the effects of plant miR156a-5p on intestinal microbiota and epithelial barrier of Wuzhishan weaned piglets.Twelve 35-day-old Wuzhishan weaned piglets with initial body weight of(5.82±0.13)kg were randomly divided into 2 groups with 6 replicates per group and one piglet per replicate.Piglets in the control group were fed nonsense single-stranded nucleic acids,and others in experimental group were fed synthetic plant miR156a-5p(600 pmol/kg per day).The experiment lasted for 7 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,1)the final body weight and average daily gain of experimental group were no significant difference(P>0.05),and the lung index was significantly increased(P<0.05);2)the serum albumin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents of experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);3)the duodenal Chao1 index and Observed_otus index of experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the jejunal Simpson index was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the cecal Shanon index and Simpson index were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the colonic Simpson index was significantly increased(P<0.05);4)the enrichment of Bacteroidales,Bacteroidia,and Bacteroides in duodenum of experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the enrichment of Leptotrichia,Oscillibacter,UCG-010,Helicobacter,Desulfovibrio,Clostridia_vadinBB60_group,Parasutterella and Rikenella in duodenum were significantly increased(P<0.05);5)the duodenal crypt depth and pH of experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.01);6)the mRNA relative expression levels of apolipoprotein A1(APOA1)and tail-type homology cassette transcription factor 2(CDX2)in duodenum of experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.01),and the mRNA relative expression levels of mucin 2(MUC2),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)andβdefensin 1(DEFB1)in duodenum were significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,plant miR156a-5p can regulate theαvariety of microbiota in duodenum,jejunum,caecum and colon of Wuzhishan weaned piglets,it can also increase the pH and the enrichment of Bacteroidales,Bacteroidia and Bacteroides in duodenum,as well as duodenal epithelial differentiation,chemical and mucosal immune barrier functions.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2023,35(4):2184-2195]