丹参提取物、蒲公英提取物及其复方对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和抗氧化能力的影响

Effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza Extract,Dandelion Extract and Their Compound on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Antioxidant Ability of Broilers

本试验旨在探究丹参提取物、蒲公英提取物及其复方对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和抗氧化机能的影响。选取192只1日龄雄性科宝-500肉鸡,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.1%的丹参提取物(丹参提取物组)、0.1%的蒲公英提取物(蒲公英提取物组)、0.05%的丹参提取物+0.05%的蒲公英提取物(复方组)。试验期42 d。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,22~42日龄,复方组肉鸡的平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),蒲公英提取物组和复方组肉鸡料重比显著降低(P<0.05);1~42日龄,试验组肉鸡的平均日增重均显著提高(P<0.05),料重比均显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,42日龄时,丹参提取物组和复方组肉鸡胸腺指数显著提高(P<0.05),且复方组肉鸡脾脏指数显著提高(P<0.05)。各试验组之间相比,复方组肉鸡42日龄脾脏指数显著高于蒲公英提取物组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡21日龄血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量和42日龄血清IgG、IgM含量均极显著提高(P<0.01),且复方组肉鸡42日龄血清IgA含量显著提高(P<0.05);试验组肉鸡21和42日龄血清溶菌酶(LZM)活性均显著提高(P<0.05);蒲公英提取物组和复方组肉鸡21和42日龄血清新城疫抗体效价显著提高(P<0.05)。各试验组之间相比,复方组肉鸡21日龄血清IgA、IgG、IgM含量和42日龄血清IgG、IgM含量极显著高于丹参提取物组和蒲公英提取物组(P<0.01)。3)与对照组相比,蒲公英提取物组和复方组肉鸡21日龄血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著提高(P<0.05),试验组肉鸡42日龄血浆GSH-Px活性均极显著提高(P<0.01),丹参提取物组和复方组肉鸡21和42日龄血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。各试验组之间相比,复方组肉鸡42日龄血浆MDA含量显著低于蒲公英提取物组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中单独添加0.1%的丹参提取物或蒲公英提取物以及二者同时添加(0.05%丹参提取物+0.05%蒲公英提取物)均可增强肉鸡的免疫功能,提高抗氧化能力,从而改善生长性能,且丹参提取物与蒲公英提取物同时添加效果优于单独添加。

This experiment was to investigate the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract,dandelion extractand their compound on the growth performance,immune function and antioxidant ability of broilers.A total of 192 one-day-old male Cobb-500 broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 8 broilers per replicate.Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet,and broilers in the experimental groups were fed diets with 0.1%Salvia miltiorrhiza extract(Salvia miltiorrhiza extract group),0.1%dandelion extract(dandelion extract group)and 0.05%Salvia miltiorrhiza extract+0.05%dandelion extract(compound group),respectively.The experiment lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,from 22 to 42 days of age,the average daily gain(ADG)of broilers in the compound group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the feed/gain ratio of broilers in dandelion extract group and compound group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);from 1 to 42 days of age,the ADG of broilers in experimental groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed/gain ratio was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,at 42 days of age,the thymus index of broilers in Salvia miltiorrhiza extract group and compound group were significantly increased(P<0.05),moreover,the spleen index of broilers in compound group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Among the experimental groups,the spleen index of broilers in compound group at 42 days of age was significantly higher than that in the dandelion extract group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)contents of broilers at 21 days of age and the serum IgG,IgM contents at 42 days of age in experimental groups were extremely significantly increased(P<0.05),moreover,the serum IgA content at 42 days of age in compound group was significantly increased(P<0.05);the serum lysozyme(LZM)activity of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age in experimental groups was significantly increased(P<0.05);the serum Newcastle disease(ND)antibody titer of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age in dandelion extract group and compound group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Among the experimental groups,the contents of IgA,IgG,IgM in serum at 21 days of age and the contents of IgG,IgM in serum at 42 days of age in compound group were extremely significantly higher than those in Salvia miltiorrhiza extract group and dandelion extract group(P<0.01).3)Compared with the control group,the plasma glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity of broilers at 21 days of age in dandelion extract group and compound group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the plasma GSH-Px activity of broilers at 42 days of age in experimental group were extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),the contents of plasma malondialdehyde(MDA)of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age in Salvia miltiorrhiza extract group and compound group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Among the experimental groups,the content of plasma MDA in compound group at 42 days of age was significantly lower than that in dandelion extract group(P<0.05).To sum up,adding 0.1%Salvia miltiorrhiza extract,0.1%dandelion extract or 0.05%Salvia miltiorrhiza extract+0.05%dandelion extract into the diet can enhance the immune function,improve the antioxidant ability,and finally improve the growth performance of broilers,moreover,the effect of adding Salvia miltiorrhiza extract and dandelion extract together is better than adding them alone.