饲粮中添加油樟叶对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质、器官指数和血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Dietary Cinnamomum longepaniculatum Leaves on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Muscle Quality,Organ Indices and Serum Biochemical Indices of Meat Rabbits

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加油樟叶对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质、器官指数和血清生化指标的影响。选择30日龄同期断奶、体重接近且健康状态良好的新西兰白兔120只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复6只(公母各占1/2)。4组肉兔分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0(对照组)、3%、6%和12%油樟叶的配合饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加不同水平油樟叶对肉兔终末体重(FBW)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和平均日增重(ADG)有显著影响(P<0.05),其中3%油樟叶添加组FBW和ADG最高,12%油樟叶添加组FBW、ADFI和ADG均最低,且显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)饲粮中添加不同水平油樟叶对肉兔屠宰前活体重、半净膛胴体重和全净膛胴体重有显著影响(P<0.05),其中3%油樟叶添加组上述3个指标均最高;12%油樟叶添加组屠宰前活体重和半净膛胴体重显著低于其他组(P<0.05),全净膛胴体重显著低于3%和6%油樟叶添加组(P<0.05)。3)饲粮中添加不同水平油樟叶对肉兔肌肉蒸煮损失、剪切力和粗蛋白质(CP)含量有显著影响(P<0.05),其中6%油樟叶添加组肌肉蒸煮损失显著低于其他组(P<0.05);3%油樟叶添加组肌肉剪切力最低,显著低于6%和12%油樟叶添加组(P<0.05);3%油樟叶添加组肌肉CP含量显著低于6%和12%油樟叶添加组(P<0.05)。4)饲粮中添加不同水平油樟叶对器官指数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。5)饲粮中添加不同水平油樟叶对血清球蛋白(GLB)、甘油三脂(TG)和磷含量有显著影响(P<0.05),其中3%油樟叶添加组血清GLB含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,3%和6%油樟叶添加组血清TG含量无显著差异(P>0.05),但12%油樟叶添加组血清TG含量显著提高(P<0.05);3%油樟叶添加组血清磷含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加适宜水平的油樟叶对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质、器官指数和血清生化指标无明显不良影响,综合各项指标,以添加3%为宜。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaves on growth performance,slaughter performance,muscle quality,organ indices and serum biochemical indices of meat rabbits.A total of 120 New Zealand white rabbits of 30-day-old weaned at the same time with close body weight and good health were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 6 white rabbits per replicate(half male and half female).Meat rabbits in the 4 groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0(control group),3%,6%and 12%Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaves,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days and the experimental period lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)the final body weight(FBW),average daily feed intake(ADFI)and average daily gain(ADG)of meat rabbits were significantly affected by different dietary levels of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaves(P<0.05).The highest FBW and ADG were found in 3%Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental group,and the lowest FBW,ADFI and ADG were found in 12%Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental group,which were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).2)Different dietary levels of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaves had significant effects on the pre-slaughter body weight,half carcass weight and all carcass weight of meat rabbits(P<0.05),and 3% Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental group had the highest values of the above three indexes.The pre-slaughter body weight and half carcass weight in 12%Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental group were significantly lower than those in the other groups(P<0.05),and the all carcass weight was significantly lower than that in 3%and 6%Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental groups(P<0.05).3)Different dietary levels of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaves had significant effects on the cooking loss,shear force and crude protein(CP)content in muscle of meat rabbits(P<0.05).The muscle cooking loss in 6%Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental group was significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05);the muscle shear force in 3% Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental group was the lowest,and significantly lower than that in 6% and 12% Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental groups(P<0.05);the CP content in muscle in 3% Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental group was significantly lower than that in 6% and 12% Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental groups(P<0.05).4)The organ indices were not significantly affected by different dietary levels of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaves(P>0.05).5)Different dietary levels of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaves had significant effects on the contents of serum globulin(GLB),triglyceride(TG)and phosphorus(P<0.05),and the serum GLB content in 3% Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental group was significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in serum TG content in 3% and 6%Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental groups(P>0.05),but the serum TG content in 12% Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The serum phosphorus content in 3%Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf supplemental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,the appropriate dietary level of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaves has no obvious adverse effects on growth performance,slaughter performance,muscle quality,organ indices and serum biochemical indices of meat rabbits,and the appropriate supplemental level is 3%.