育苗基质对闽楠容器苗生长的影响

Effect of different nursery substrates on growth of Phoebe bournei container seedlings

[目的]筛选适宜闽楠容器苗的育苗基质,为促进闽楠苗木的生长提供依据。[方法]比较楠木林下土、泥炭、泥炭+黄土(体积分数为1∶1)、稻壳灰等4种基质的理化性质;探讨了4种基质处理下闽楠容器苗的苗高、地径、生物量、根系和叶面积等生长指标,并进行相关性与主成分分析。[结果](1)4种基质的pH值均显酸性,适合闽楠生长;稻壳灰的养分含量更丰富、均衡;泥炭的相对含水量和孔隙度最大,稻壳灰次之。(2)除根长外,稻壳灰处理下闽楠容器苗生长指标均最大。(3)相关性分析表明,氮和有机质不利于容器苗地径和生物量的生长;pH值、相对含水量及孔隙度不利于叶面积和根系的生长;磷、钾与生长指标相关性不显著,但对苗高、地径及生物量生长有一定促进作用。(4)主成分分析表明,稻壳灰和泥炭对闽楠容器苗生长的综合促进作用显著高于其他处理。[结论]综合不同基质的理化性质及其对苗木生长的影响,并考虑成本因素,选择稻壳灰作为闽楠容器苗的优选基质。

[Purpose]Suitable nursery substrate was screened to provide basis to promote the growth of Phoebe bournei container seedlings.[Method]After analyzing the physical and chemical properties of 4 kinds of substrates including soils sampled from P.bournei forest,peat,peat plus loess(volume ratio 1∶1)and rice husk ash,P.bournei container seedlings grown under the above-mentioned substrates were compared on growth indexes such as height,diameter,biomass,root index and leaf area,and correlation analysis and principal component analysis between the substrates and growth indexes were further performed.[Result](1)All the 4 substrates were acidic and suitable for the growth of P.bournei;rice husk ash was characterized by higher and more balanced nutrient contents,while peat plus loess had the highest relative water content and porosity followed by rice husk ash.(2)All the indexes of P.bournei grown under rice husk ash were the highest except root length.(3)Correlation analysis showed that nitrogen and organic matter contents were unfavorable for the development of seedling diameter and biomass,while pH,relative water content and porosity were against the growths of leaf area and root.Substrate phosphorus and potassium had no significant correlation with growth indexes,but were contributed to greater seedling height,diameter and biomass.(4)Principal component analysis showed that rice husk ash and peat plus loess significantly promoted the growth of P.bournei container seedlings.[Conclusion]Considering the physicochemical properties of different substrates,their effects on seedling growth and cost,rice husk ash was selected as the preferred substrate for P.bournei container seedlings.