农村居民互联网使用行为及影响因素分析——来自中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)的微观证据

Internet Use Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Rural Residents in China:Micro Evidence from China Family Tracking Survey(CFPS)

互联网信息技术对农村生产生活的逐步渗透是推进数字乡村建设的基本保障。从微观视角对我国农村居民互联网使用的行为特征和影响因素进行探讨,对于数字乡村建设的进一步推进具有重要的理论及现实意义。此项研究的边际贡献在于:第一,基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2018年的数据,筛选大样本分析,研究人群涵盖了不同特征的农村居民;第二,从个人内在特征、家庭资源禀赋及社区外部环境3个层面选取可能的互联网使用影响因素,在对已有研究系统梳理的基础上扩展变量;第三,综合运用描述性统计分析及Logistic模型,提升定量分析的逻辑衔接及准确性。主要研究结果表明:第一,我国农村居民的互联使用目的相对单一,对于娱乐社交功能的需求是互联网使用的主要动因,但遗憾的是普遍缺乏对互联网学习工作技能的追求。第二,根据Logistic模型回归结果分析,影响农村居民互联网使用的个体内在特征因素为性别、年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状态、健康状况以及是否使用手机;家庭资源禀赋因素为人口规模、人均纯收入与社会资本;社会外部环境因素为工作地点与社会信任。据此提出提升农村居民互联网使用技能,疏通居民个体之间的社交壁垒,强化留守居民社会支持等对策及建议。

The gradual penetration of Internet information technology into rural production and life is the basic guarantee to promote the construction of digital countryside.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to understand the characteristics and influencing factors of rural residents'Internet use from the micro perspective.The marginal contributions of the study are(1)discussing the rural residents of various characteristics based on the data of China Family Tracking Survey(CFPS)in 2018,(2)extending variables based on the existing systematic research according to the influencing factors of Internet use from three perspectives including individual intrinsic features,family resource endowment and external environment of communities,and(3)systematically using descriptive statistical analysis and the Logistic model to promote logical cohesion and accuracy of quantitative analysis.The study shows that the purpose of Internet use of rural residents in China is relatively single,and the demand for entertainment and social function is the main reason for Internet use.However,it is a pity that the pursuit of Internet learning and working skills is generally lacking.Secondly,according to the results of Logistic regression model,the internal factors influencing the Internet use of rural residents are gender,age,education level,marital status,health status and whether using mobile phones,the factors of family resource endowment are population size,per capita net income and social capital,and the factors of social external environment are workplace and social trust.Accordingly,the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions,such as improving the Internet use skills of rural residents,dredging the social barriers between individual residents,and strengthening the social support of left-behind residents.