多民族地区民间信仰互嵌交融与新的地域共同体的形成——以滇南黑树林地区打洞梁子为个案

The Mutual Embedding and Blending of Folk Beliefs and the Formation of New Regional Communities in Multi-ethnic Regions:Based on a Survey of Han Villages in Heishulin Area in Dadong Ridge of Southern Yunnan Province

在民族学、人类学的研究中,汉族与少数民族之间的交流互动机制是学界持续关注的一个话题。自清代中叶以来,中央王朝对西南边疆民族地区的统治持续深入。在云南红河南岸的黑树林地区,汉族陆续进入哈尼族白宏人聚居的打洞梁子,他们带来新的灌溉技术,促进了打洞梁子农业的发展。随之,汉族与哈尼族白宏人形成了比邻而居的社会形态。通过对汉族和哈尼族白宏人民间信仰的考察发现,汉族的庙宇信仰与哈尼族白宏人的竜林信仰逐渐形成“有边无界”的文化结构特征。基于此特征,汉族与少数民族之间进一步整合为新的地域共同体,从而在文化深层结构方面实现了地方社会的和谐与稳定。因此,在多民族地区长时段的共同体生成过程中,民间信仰的良性整合机制对于促进民族团结、社会稳定具有重要的积极意义。

In the study of ethnology and anthropology,the communication and interaction mechanism between Han people and ethnic groups has been a continuous concern.Since the mid Qing Dynasty,the central government has continued to deepen it's control over ethnic areas in the southwestern China.During the time,in the Heishulin area on the south bank of the Red River in Yunnan,the Han has gradually entered the Dadong Ridge where the Hani and Baihong people live together.The Han people brought new irrigation techniques,which promoted the development of agriculture in this area.Subsequently,the Han and BaiHong people formed a social form of living next to each other.Through an investigation of the beliefs between the Han and Baihong people,the study shows that the Han's temple beliefs and the Baihong people's Longlin beliefs gradually formed a“borderless”cultural structural feature.Based on this feature,the Han and ethnic groups have further integrated into a new regional community,thereby achieving harmony and stability in the local society in terms of the deep cultural structure.The study believes that in the long-term process of community formation in multi-Minzu regions,the benign integration mechanism of folk beliefs has important positive significance for promoting ethnic unity and social stability.