福建金线莲的环境因子分析及生境适宜性评价

Environmental Factor Analysis and Habitat Suitability Evaluation of Anoectochilus roxburghii(Wall.)Lindl.in Fujian Province

利用最大熵模型(MaxEnt)和地理信息系统(ArcGIS)技术,结合金线莲的地理空间分部信息,建立生态位模型和空间优化模型,研究金线莲的适宜生境及在福建省的生态适宜性区划,为金线莲种植基地的合理规划提供科学依据。结果表明,年平均气温(8.8%)、热月平均最高温(5.7%)、冷月平均最低温(6.1%)、年平均风速(6.2%)、降水年较差(6.7%)、年平均相对湿度(5.8%)、年最小相对湿度(8.7%)、冷月平均相对湿度(9.2%)、年日照时数(10.4%)、热月日照时数(10%)、冷月日照时数(12.7%)等11个环境因子为影响金线莲生境适宜性区域分布的主要环境因子;南平市武夷山市、宁德市柘荣县等地区是金线莲生长的最适宜分布区,面积约占福建省总面积的1.57%,适宜区和次适宜区面积共占福建省总面积约83.02%,主要位于福建省的西北部、中部地区。因此,福建省多处地区均适合发展林下金线莲种植产业。

Using the maximum entropy model(MaxEnt)and geographic information system(ArcGIS)technology,combined with the geographic space division information of Anoectochilus roxburghii,the niche model and spatial optimization model are established,to explore the suitable habitat and ecological suitability zoning of clematis in Fujian Province,and provide scientific basis for the reasonable planning of A.roxburghii planting base.The results showed that,11 environmental factors,such as annual average temperature(8.8%),average maximum temperature in hot month(5.7%)and average minimum temperature in cold month(6.1%),average annual wind speed(6.2%),annual precipitation range(6.7%),annual average relative humidity(5.8%),annual minimum relative humidity(8.7%),average relative humidity in cold month(9.2%),annual sunshine hours(10.4%),sunshine hours in hot months(10%),sunshine hours in cold months(12.7%)are the main environmental factors affecting the regional distribution of A.roxburghii;Wuyishan City of Nanping City and Zherong County of Ningde City are the most suitable areas for the growth of A.roxburghii,accounts for about 1.57%of the total area of Fujian Province.The suitable and sub-suitable areas account for about 83.02%of the total area of Fujian Province,mainly located in the northwest and central areas of Fujian Province.Therefore,many areas in Fujian Province are suitable for the development of A.roxburghii planting industry.