四季豆叶挥发性化学物质对西花蓟马趋向行为的影响

Effect of Volatiles from Phaseolus vulgaris Leaves on the Orientation Behavior of Frankliniella occidentalis

为筛选对西花蓟马具有生物活性的四季豆挥发性化学物质,阐明西花蓟马与四季豆之间的化学通讯机制以及开辟防控西花蓟马新的策略和途径提供理论依据。本研究采用固相萃取结合气相色谱质谱联用仪分析了四季豆叶片释放的挥发性物质,利用“Y”型嗅觉仪测定了西花蓟马对不同浓度的5种挥发性化合物的行为反应。结果表明:四季豆叶片中共鉴定出乙酸叶醇酯(36.38%)、2-已烯醛(7.88%)、顺-3-己烯-1-醇(39.81%)和正己醇(4.42%)等52种挥发性化合物,可归为酯类、醛类、烷烃类、环烷烃类等10类。西花蓟马对浓度为10^(-1)~10^(-5)的1-辛烯3-醇、10^(-3)和10^(-5)的乙酸叶醇酯、10^(-2)和10^(-5)的1-戊烯-3-醇及10^(-3)的异戊酸叶醇酯具有一定的趋向反应;对10^(-1)~10^(-2)和10^(-4)~10^(-5)的异戊酸叶醇酯、10^(-2)和10^(-4)的苯乙醛及10^(-1)的1-戊烯-3-醇有一定的忌避反应;对10^(-1)、10^(-2)、10^(-4)的乙酸叶醇酯、10^(-1)和10^(-3)的苯乙醛及10^(-4)的1-戊烯-3-醇没有明显的行为定向反应。本研究结果为阐明西花蓟马与寄主植物四季豆间的化学通讯机制及开发西花蓟马引诱剂或趋避剂奠定理论基础。

The aim of this study was to screen the volatile compounds from Phaseolus vulgaris leaves with biological activity against Frankliniella occidentalis,provide theoretical basis for clarifying the chemical communication mechanism between F.occidentalis and host-plant P.vulgaris,and produce new strategies and approaches for the prevention and control of F.occidentalis.In this study,the technique of headspace solid phase extraction combining with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the volatile compounds released from the leaves of P.vulgaris.The behavioral responses of F.occidentalis to five volatile compounds at different concentrations were determined by"Y"olfactometer.52 volatile compounds were identified from the leaves of P.vulgaris,including folate acetate(36.38%),2-hexenal(7.88%),cis-3-hexen-1-ol(39.81%),n-hexanol(4.42%),etc.They can be classified into 10 categories,such as esters,aldehydes,alkanes,cycloalkanes,etc.F.occidentalis had a significant tendency to react with 1-octen-3-ol(10^(-1)~10^(-5)),folic acetate(10^(-3),10^(-5)),1-penten-3-ol(10^(-2),10^(-5))and cis-3-hexenyl isovaleraten(10^(-3)).They had some repellent reactions to isovalerate(10^(-1),10^(-2),10^(-4),10^(-5)),phenylacetaldehyde(10^(-2),10^(-4))and 1-penten-3-ol(10^(-1)),and no obviously behavioral reactions to folic acetate(10^(-1),10^(-2),10^(-4)),phenylacetaldehyde(10^(-1),10^(-3))and 1-penten-3-ol(10^(-4)).The results of this study laid a theoretical foundation for clarifying the chemical communication mechanism between F.occidentalis and their host-plant P.vulgaris,and developing attractant or repellent agent for F.occidentalis.