官员考察学习与经济高质量发展——基于地方政府合作视角

Officials Study and High-quality Economic Development——Based on a Local Government Cooperation Perspective

作为推动经济社会转型与发展的责任主体,地方政府在追求经济高质量发展过程中,普遍存在合作倾向并主动开展考察学习来获取先进发展经验。理论模型分析表明:合作导向下地方政府开展考察学习强度越高,则所在地区经济高质量发展水平越高;绩效考核压力越大,则地方政府考察学习对经济高质量发展的促进作用越显著;考虑到竞合因素的相互影响,地方政府竞争程度会抑制地方政府考察学习与经济高质量发展水平的正向关联。在构建经济高质量发展指数基础上,文章运用2003—2019年间247个地级市政府考察学习数据验证了上述结论。同时,结合学习先进地区发展经验的具体实现形式,地方政府考察学习推动经济高质量发展主要在产业政策、产业园区、县域经济发展、基础设施建设、城市建设与管理、干部队伍建设、法治建设、乡村建设等多维度体现出来。进一步分析发现,地方政府考察学习对经济高质量发展的显著影响与考察学习类型、能力因素存在紧密关联。文章立足经济高质量发展阶段的转变需求,探索构建政治激励影响下地方政府行为的完整认知框架,揭开地方政府履职行为的“黑箱”,研究结论有助于地方政府树立更为契合经济高质量发展需求的履职导向,为完善地方政府合作式治理关系提供政策启示。

The theory of political promotion is a representative theory to explain the rapid growth of China's economy,which implies three main analysis premises:competition orientation,zero-sum game and focnsing on single-dimensional assessment standards.Faced with the realistic change of high-quality economic development,the political promotion theory lacks the full consideration of the sustainable and direct cooperative factors,and it is difficult to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the requirements of high-quality economic development.More comprehensively,as the main body of responsibility for promoting economic and social transformation and development,local governments have a general tendency of cooperation and take the initiative to carry out investigation and learning in the process of pursuing high-quality economic development to obtain advanced development experience.Accordingly,this paper constructs a game model of local government political promotion,deduces the influence of local government study on high-quality economic development,and conducts empirical test results.It finds that the higher the study intensity of the local government,the higher the high-quality economic development level in the region,the greater the performance appraisal pressure.The local government competition will suppress the positive correlation between the study and the high-quality economic development level.At the same time,combined with the specific realization forms of learning from advanced regional development experience,the local government investigation and study to promote high-quality economic development is mainly reflected in industrial policies,industrial parks,county economic development,infrastructure construction,urban construction and management,cadre team construction,rule of law construction,rural construction and other dimensions.Further analysis finds that the significant impact of local government study on high-quality economic development is closely related to the study type and ability factors.The research conclusion of this paper is helpful to strengthen the promotion and application of the gradual institutional change mode in the high-quality development stage,and to provide policy inspiration for improving the cooperative governance relationship of local governments.