家庭结构老龄化对村民生活垃圾分类意愿的影响--基于社会信任的调节作用

The Effect of Household Structure Aging on the Willingness of Rural Residents to Sort Domestic Waste:Based on the Moderating Effect of Social Trust

基于陕西省821份农村居民的微观数据,利用双栏模型实证分析农村家庭人口结构老龄化对农村居民生活垃圾分类意愿的影响。研究发现,有效样本中84.64%的村民有垃圾分类的参与意愿,村民垃圾分类支付意愿的均值为52.42元/年,农村家庭结构老龄化对居民生活垃圾分类意愿有显著负向影响,社会信任能调节农村家庭结构老龄化程度对村民垃圾分类意愿的抑制作用。进一步异质性分析发现,家庭年龄结构对农户垃圾分类意愿的影响具有层级差异,家庭中年和青壮年人对垃圾分类意愿均有显著正向影响;强人际信任在家庭结构老龄化与居民垃圾分类意愿间的调节作用比强制度信任更大;按收入高低进行分组回归发现,高收入组对垃圾分类支付意愿更高。此外,从性别来看,男性比女性更具有生活垃圾分类的意愿;从受教育情况来看,受教育程度越高对垃圾分类意愿越强;从兼业程度来看,外出务工经历会增强农户垃圾分类意愿;从资源禀赋来看,耕地面积越多的村民对垃圾分类的意愿越强。由此,为了增加村民生活垃圾分类意愿,提升农村环境质量,政府应该进一步建立健全农村社会保障体系,密切干部与群众的关系,健全生活垃圾处理奖惩机制。

Based on 821 micro data of rural residents in Shaanxi province,the double-hurdle model is used to empirically analyze the effect of population aging in rural families on willingness for domestic waste classification of rural residents.It is found that 84.64%of the effective samples has the willingness to participate in waste classification,the mean value of residents’willingness to pay for waste classification is 52.42 yuan per year,the aging of rural household structure has a significant negative effect on residents’willingness to sort domestic waste,and social trust could regulate the inhibitory effect of the degree of aging of rural household structure on residents’willingness to sort waste.Further heterogeneity analysis finds that the effect of household age structure on farmers’willingness to sort waste has hierarchical differences,with both middle-aged and young adults in the household having a significant positive effect on willingness to sort waste;strong interpersonal trust has a greater moderating effect on the aging of household structure and residents’willingness to sort waste than strong institutional trust;group regressions by income level finds that the higher income group has the higher willingness to pay for waste classification.In addition,in terms of gender,men are more willing to sort waste than women;in terms of education,the higher the education level is,the stronger willingness to sort waste they have;in terms of part-time employment,the rural residents have stronger willingness to sort waste with the experience of working outside;in terms of resource endowment,the people who possess more arable land areas have stronger willingness to sort waste.Thus,in order to increase residents’willingness to sort domestic waste and improve the quality of rural environment,the government should further establish and improve the social security system in rural areas,close the relationship between leaders and masses,and develop the reward and punishment mechanism for domestic waste disposal.