锤击固有频率法弹条扣压力无损检测仪研发及应用

Development and Application on Non-Destructive Test Instrument of Elastic Fastener Pressure by Hammering Natural Frequency Method

针对铁路服役弹条实时扣压力不能定量检测问题,研究弹条扣压力激振频率采集测试技术,提出利用弹条扣件系统结构应力与固有频率的关联特性进行弹条扣压力检测方法。对服役弹条Ⅱ型扣件各阶模态和振型进行有限元分析,得到振动传感器最佳布设方向及位置;开展基于弹条在不同激励强度下的响应分析,提出锤击装置锤击力、方向及位置方案。研制弹条扣压力无损检测仪,阐述检测仪硬件主体构成和软件系统功能。通过开展实验室环境下声响与振动传感器采集固有频率对比试验,初步验证了检测仪具有较好的应用效果与推广前景。

Aiming at the problem that the real-time fastener pressure of the elastic bar in railway service cannot be quantitatively detected,the acquisition and testing technology of excited frequency of elastic fastener pressure was studied,and the method of elastic fastener pressure detection was proposed by using the correlation characteristics of the structural stress and natural frequency of the elastic fastener system.The optimal layout direction and position of the vibration sensor were obtained by finite element analysis of each order vibration mode of theⅡtype fastener.The response analysis of the elastic bar under different excitation intensity was carried out,and the scheme of hammering force,direction and position of hammering device was proposed.A nondestructive test instrument for the elastic fastener pressure was developed.The main hardware structure and software system function of the test instrument were expounded.By carrying out the natural frequency comparison test of acoustic and vibration sensor in the laboratory environment,it is primarily verified that the test instrument has good application effect and popularization prospect.