诸多历史文献中以“苯”替“道”现象的由来及其相关问题

The Origin And Related Issues Of The Phenomenon Of“Bon”Replacing“Tao”In Many Historical Documents

“苯”和“道”是两种不同宗教的名称,宗教起源、观点各不相同。其中道教属于汉地本土宗教,苯教则属于藏族土著宗教,两者之间鲜有共性及历史渊源。但成书年代较早的《汉区佛教源流》《土观宗派源流》《松巴佛教史》《清凉山志》等藏文教法史中出现了诸多以“苯”替“道”的现象。甚至在《五体清文鉴》《西番译语》等通用性工具书中也有类似现象发生。追溯以上文献中以“苯”替“道”的现象及其成因,进行合理纠谬,具有一定的学术价值。

“Bon”and“Tao”are the names of two different religions with different origins and views.Taoism belongs to the Han native religion,while Bon belongs to the Tibetan native religion.There are few commonalities and historical origins between them.However,in the earlier books,such as《rgya-nag-chos-’byung》,《thu’u-bkan-grub-mtha》and《chos-’byung-dpag-bsam-ljon-bzang》,there many documentary records about“Bon”replaced“Tao”in the history of Tibetan teachings,even in the universal reference book《nub-bod-lo-ts’i-yi-ge》too.It is of certain academic value to trace back the phenomenon of“Bon”replacing“Tao”in the above literature and its causes,and correct the error reasonably.