美国拜登政府供应链政策及启示建议

Biden Government’s Supply Chain Policy and Enlightenments

2021年,美国拜登政府签署了一系列供应链相关的行政令,旨在加强美国在关键领域供应链的弹性和自主可控性,支撑美国国家安全和发展。根据该行政令,美国白宫发布了供应链百日评估审查报告及公共卫生弹性供应链战略报告,指出美国本土供应链存在的问题,并对未来发展进行了规划。在供应链相关行政令执行一年后,美国政府在供应链战略、制度与政策、扶持措施等方面采取了一系列行动并取得了进展。通过介绍美国政府在相关重点领域供应链的安全评估、战略规划、法律保证等总体情况,梳理了美国推动重点领域供应链安全的具体做法,分析了其对中国重点领域供应链安全的影响,并提出了对中国的启示和建议。

In 2021,the U.S.President Biden signed a series of executive orders related to the supply chain,aiming to strengthening the flexibility and autonomy of the U.S.supply chain in critical areas and supporting the U.S.national security and development.According to the executive orders signed by Biden,the White House then issued the 100-day review report of supply chain and the resilient public health supply chain strategy report,pointing out the problems in the U.S.domestic supply chain and planning for the future development.One year after the implementation of Biden’s executive orders,the U.S.government has taken a series of actions and made progress in supply chain strategy,systems and policies,supporting measures and so on.This paper introduces the overall situation of the U.S.government’s supply chain security assessment,strategic planning,and legal assurance in the critical areas,summarizes the practices of the U.S.government in promoting supply chain security,analyzes the impact on China’s supply chain security,and puts forward enlightenments and suggestions for China.