锌离子电池常用电解质种类及研究进展

Research progress on the common types of electrolytes used in zinc ion batteries

可充电锌离子电池由于成本低、安全性好和能量密度高等特点引起了广泛关注。电解质作为锌离子电池的重要组成部分,能提供电池正极和负极之间的锌离子迁移途径,并决定电池的电势窗口大小及反应机理的选择,决定着电池整体电化学性能的发挥。详细阐述了锌离子电池的工作原理,介绍了水系电解质、离子液体电解质、有机电解质、凝胶电解质、准固体/全固态电解质等研究进展,为锌离子电池的研发提供借鉴。

The rechargeable zinc ion battery(ZIB)is considered to be one of the substitutes of lithium ion battery in the future because of their safety,low cost and high power density.As an important part of the zinc ion battery,the electrolyte can provide the migration path of zinc ions between the positive and negative electrodes of zinc ion battery.It also determines the size of the potential window of the battery and the choice of the reaction mechanism,and determines the overall electrochemical performance of the battery.Herein,the working principle of zinc ion battery is described,and the research progress of water electrolyte,ionic liquid electrolyte,organic electrolyte,gel electrolyte,quasi solid/all solid electrolyte is introduced in details.This can provide reference for the research and development of zinc ion battery.