水榆花楸优良单株扦插影响因子分析

Analysis of Factors Affecting Cutting of Superior Individual of Sorbus alnifolia

为快速、高效地培育出具有母本优良性状的水榆花楸优良单株无性系扦插苗,以种质资源圃收集的16^(#)初选优树和9个优良单株的穗条为试材,采用正交LE 3F设计,研究不同激素种类、激素浓度和浸泡时间3个因素对水榆花楸扦插生根效果的影响。结果表明:水榆花楸嫩枝扦插生根效果最佳方案为激素IAA+IBA(1∶3)、处理时间2 h、激素浓度100 mg·kg^(-1),平均生根率为90.31%,平均生根量为7.50条,平均根长为13.78 cm,较对照分别提高374、150和97个百分点。综合9个优良单株间生根效果,最好的是130^(#)、23^(#)和90^(#),其平均成活率分别为92.80%、91.80%和90.60%,平均生根量均在8条以上,平均根长均在14 cm以上。9优良单株中130^(#)、23^(#)、90^(#)和102^(#)2年生扦插苗生长较快,其苗高为24.6~28.3 cm,地径为5.22~5.46 mm;92^(#)、137^(#)和86^(#)生长速度中等;104^(#)、94^(#)生长速度相对较慢,与16^(#)(对照)生长速度相当。

In order to quickly and efficiently breed superior individual clones of Sorbus alnifolia with excellent maternal traits,the cuttings of the 16^(#)primary selected superior trees and nine superior individuals collected in the germplasm resource nursery were used as test materials,and the LE 3 F orthogonaldesign was used to study the effects of three factors,including different hormone types,hormone concentrations and soaking time,on the rooting effect of Sorbus alnifolia cuttings.The results showed as follows:the best scheme for rooting effect of Sorbus alnifolia tender branch cutting was hormone IAA+IBA(1:3),treatment time was two hours,hormone concentration was 100 mg·kg^(-1),the average rooting rate was 90.31%,the average rooting amount was 7.50,and the average rooting length was 13.78 cm,which was 374,150,and 97 percentage points higher than that of the control,respectively.130^(#),23^(#) and 90^(#) had the best rooting effect among nine superior individuals.Their average survival rates were 92.80%,91.80% and 90.60%,respectively.The average rooting amount was more than eight,and the average rooting length was above 14 cm.Among nine superior individuals,the two-year-old cutting seedlings of 130^(#),23^(#),90^(#) and 102^(#) grew fast,with the height of 24.6 cm-28.3 cm and the ground diameter of 5.22 mm-5.46 mm respectively;92^(#),137^(#)and 86^(#)had medium growth rate;the growth rate of 104^(#)and 94^(#)was relatively slow,which was equivalent to that of 16^(#)(control).