15-冠醚-5用作电解液低温添加剂的综述

Review of 15-crown-5 as low temperature additive for electrolyte

向电解液加入低温添加剂可改善锂离子电池的低温性能。当温度降低(如-20℃以下)导致电解液大量凝固或锂盐析出时,电池的阻抗会急剧上升。综述15-冠醚-5作低温添加剂改进低温性能的因素:与Li+的特定溶剂化,有利于形成光滑致密的固体电解质相界面膜;可提高锂盐在低温下的溶解度和电离度;熔点为-40℃,可降低电解液的凝固温度。

Adding low temperature additives to the electrolyte could improve the low-temperature performance of Li-ion battery.When the temperature decreased(such as below-20℃),the electrolyte solidified a lot or the lithium salt was precipitated,the impedance of battery would rise sharply.The factors of improving low-temperature performance of 15-crown-5 as a low-temperature additive were reviewed:specific solvation with Li+was beneficial to form smooth and dense solid electrolyte interface films,which could improve the solubility and ionization degree of lithium salts at low temperatures,the melting point was-40℃,which could reduce the solidification temperature of the electrolyte.