德国“新行政法学”“新”在何处

What Is“New”about the“New Administrative Law”in Germany?

德国行政法传统上受到“法学方法”(Juristische Methode)的影响。这种方法是由系统法律秩序(a systemic legal order)的概念和立法(法政治学)与法律适用(法律教义学)之间的区别所塑造的。它集中于法律保护视角和“法律行为”(Rechtsakt),这一概念代表着行政机关正式的、有约束力的和干预性的决定。然而,自20世纪90年代初以来,诸多更进步的德国学者正在研究一个改革概念,以便用一种被称为“新行政法学”(Neue Verw altungsrechtsw issenschaft)的新方法取代片面的法学方法。新行政法学以更开放的、跨学科的方法和侧重于决策制定和结果(“产品”)的调控方法(Steuerungsw issenschaft)为基础。这篇文章阐述了这一行政法学新流派最重要的假设和思想,并作出了不同的评价。

Administrative law in Germany is traditionally influenced by the“juristic method”.Which is shaped by the concept of a systemic legal order and by the distinction between legislation(legal politics)and law application(legal dogmatics).It concentrates on the legal protection perspective and the“legal act”(Rechtsakt)standing for the formal,binding,and intervening decision of an authority.However,since the early 1990s of the last century,a large group of more progressive German scholars are working on a reform concept in order to substitute the one-sided approach of the juristic method by a new approach denoted as the“new administrative law science”.The new administrative law science is based on a more open,interdisciplinary method and a steering approach focusing on decision making and results.The following article comprises the most significant assumptions and ideas of this new scientific stream and provides a differentiated evaluation.