农业生产性服务业:世界历程、前景展望与中国选择

Agricultural Productive Service Industry:World Progress,Prospect and China’s Choice

农业生产性服务业与农业现代化相伴而生,是国家农业竞争力的重要体现,也是各国农业现代化的共同趋势。农业生产性服务业已成为发达国家保持农业竞争优势和维系农业产业安全的战略抓手,是发展中国家现代农业“赶超”和欠发达国家现代农业起步的重要途径,形成了欧美、日韩和中国三种较为典型的发展模式,形成了政府主导、农民合作、分工诱导等多种生成路径。农业生产性服务业将成为世界农业创新驱动的重心,吸引跨国涉农企业集团加快向现代农业服务商转型。农业生产性服务业在中国具有广阔的发展空间,是中国式农业现代化的重要特征。中国要建设农业强国,应把农业生产性服务业作为战略性产业,处理好推进适度规模经营、政府和市场有效配合、满足小农户发展需求、引领现代农业新方向的关系,继续健全完善公益性服务体系、培育大型农业服务企业、发展多元竞争服务市场、建立多层次服务组织体系,为世界贡献破解小农户发展难题的农业现代化“中国方案”。

Agricultural productive service industry are associated with agricultural modernization,which is an important manifestation of national agricultural competitiveness and a common trend of agricultural modernization in all countries.It has become a tool for developed countries to maintain their agricultural competitive advantages and maintain the safety of agricultural industry,a way for developing countries to“catch up”with modern agriculture and for underdeveloped countries to start modern agriculture.It has formed three typical development models:the European and American model,the Japanese and Korean model,and the Chinese model,and generated a variety of generation paths,such as government led,farmer cooperation,and division of labor guidance.It will become the focus of the world’s agricultural innovation drive,attracting transnational agricultural enterprise groups to accelerate the transformation to modern agricultural service providers.It has a broader development space in China,which is an important feature of Chinese agricultural modernization.In order to build a globally strong agricultural country,China should take it as a strategic industry to accelerate agricultural modernization,handle the relationship between promoting moderate scale operation,government and market cooperation,meeting the development needs of small farmers,and leading the new direction of modern agriculture.We will continue to improve the public service system,cultivate large agricultural service enterprises,develop diversified competitive service markets,and establish a multi-level service organization system.In this way,China can contribute to the program of agricultural modernization to solve the problem of small farmers’development.