晋城山区煤矿地表沉陷预计模型

Prediction model of mining subsidence of coal mine in Jincheng mountain area

为了解决晋城山区煤矿开采地表沉陷预计难题,分析了山区开采岩层及地表移动基本原理,解释了山区地表移动中,坡位(上坡、下坡)、坡势(正坡、反坡)的基本含义,揭示了坡位、坡势对地表移动的影响机制。基于斜面上物体滑移原理,构建了坡位对下沉值的滑移影响函数、坡势对水平移动值的影响函数;通过移动变形值的求导关系,建立了倾斜、曲率、水平变形的表达式,完成了一种新的山区开采沉陷预计正切函数修正模型(TFM)。基于晋城矿区典型地表移动观测站数据,采用曲线拟合方式分析概率积分法(PIM法)和TFM法的适宜性。数据分析结果表明,TFM法比PIM法下沉值拟合精度提高了0.019,水平移动值拟合精度提高了0.412,验证了TFM法的优越性。可为晋城矿区和类似矿区的“三下”压煤开采、矿区生态环境保护提供重要支持。

The surface subsidence induced by coal mining in Jincheng mountain area is difficult to predict.In order to solve this problem,the basic principle of rock strata and surface movement in mountain area was analyzed.Firstly,the basic meaning of slope position(up and down slope)and slope form(positive and negative slope)in mountain surface movement was explained,and the influence mechanism of slope position and slope form on surface movement was revealed.Secondly,based on the sliding principle of objects on inclined plane,the influence function of slope position on subsidence and slope form on horizontal movement were constructed.The expressions of inclination,curvature and horizontal deformation were established by derivation of displacement deformation values.A new mining subsidence model named tangent function modified model(TFM)was constructed.Finally,using the data of typical ground movement observation stations in Jincheng mining area,the adaptability of the probability integral method(PIM)and TFM was analyzed by using curve fitting method.Data analysis results show that compared with PIM,the fitting accuracy of subsidence value and horizontal movement value is improved by 0.019 and 0.412,which verifies the superiority of TFM.This study can not only provide important support for coal mining under buildings,roads and water bodies,but also for the ecological environment protection in Jincheng mining area and similar mining areas.