嘉陵江南充段水污染现状评价及防治对策研究

Evaluation and Control Countermeasures of Water Pollution in Nanchong Section of Jialing River

为了解嘉陵江南充段水质污染现状,选取研究区域内4个省级监测点进行水体质量评价。从四川省南充市水文监测站网站获取监测站的实测数据,分别采用单因子评价法、综合污染指数法、污染分担率计算法对研究区域的水体质量进行污染等级分析评价。结果表明:①4个监测点的水体质量污染程度大致相同,小渡口监测点是4个监测点中污染程度最严重的监测点;②以Ⅲ级水质环境标准为评价标准,单因子评价法表明溶解氧污染程度严重;综合污染指数法的结果显示4个监测点的氨氮、总磷和挥发酚指标都没有超标,只有小渡口监测点的pH值属于重度污染。为此,提出了如下建议:根据水体的污染程度、不同污染物防治标准来科学合理划分流域水污染治理的优先等级,制定一套完善的流域环境污染治理监督机制,建设社会共治的水污染防治工作体系。以期为嘉陵江南充段水污染治理以及经济可持续、绿色发展提供参考。

The monitoring points of four monitoring stations in Nanchong section of Jialing River were selected to evaluate the water quality in order to understand the current situation of water pollution in Nanchong section of Jialing River more clearly.In this paper,the measured data of automatic monitoring station were obtained from the website of Nanchong Hydrological Monitoring Station,and the main pollutants and pollution levels of Jialing River in Nanchong section were analyzed and evaluated by single factor evaluation method,comprehensive pollution index method and pollution sharing rate calculation method.The results showed that:①The pollution degree of water quality in the four monitoring points was almost the same,and the pollution situation and water pollution grade were basically the same.Xiaodukou monitoring point was the most polluted monitoring point among the four monitoring points;②The single factor evaluation method took the environmental standard of GradeⅢwater quality as the evaluation standard,which reflected the serious degree of dissolved oxygen pollution;The results of comprehensive pollution index method showed that the indexes of ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus and volatile phenol in each monitoring point were not beyond the standard,and only the pH of Xiaodukou monitoring point was heavily polluted.The paper finally put forward the following countermeasures the priority level of water pollution control in river basins should be scientifically and reasonably divided according to the pollution degree of water bodies and different standards for pollution control.At the same time,a set of perfect supervision mechanism for water pollution control in river basins should be formulated so as to build a water pollution control system with social co-governance.The results of this paper could provide support for water pollution control and sustainable and green economic development in Nanchong section of Jialing River.