上海市居住空间布局演变特征研究

Study on the Evolution Characteristics of Spatial Layout of Residential Areas in Shanghai

住区作为城市的重要组成部分,是人们开展工作、郊游等活动的前提。受政策变革、经济发展及人口规模变化等影响,在不同阶段,上海居住空间呈现差异化的布局特征。基于住区POI,对上海2000—2020年的住区空间布局进行研究,以5年为一个时间节点,采用ArcGIS核密度及标准差椭圆分析方法,梳理居住空间在地理空间上的演变特征。研究发现:2000—2020年上海居住空间呈“一主多核”的分布格局。随着时间的推移,形成由中心城区向郊区辐射的空间结构。在2005年与2010年,上海居住空间总体朝东北—西南方向发展;在2015年、2020年时,朝南—北方向发展,且在2010—2015年间,居住空间的总体扩张范围最为显著。

As an important part of the city,settlements are a prerequisite for people to carry out activities,such as work and excursions.With the influence of policy changes,economic development,and changes in population size,the settlement space in Shanghai shows differentiated layout characteristics at different stages.Based on the settlement POI points,the spatial layout of Shanghai’s settlements from 2000 to 2020 is studied,and the ArcGIS kernel density and standard deviation ellipse analysis methods are used to sort out the geospatial evolution characteristics of residential space in a five-year time period.The study found that the spatial distribution of residential space in Shanghai from 2000 to 2020 is characterised by“one main and multiple cores”.Over time,the spatial structure radiates from the central city to the suburbs.In 2005 and 2010,Shanghai’s residential space generally develops in a northeast-southwest direction,and in 2015 and 2020,it develops in a south-north direction,and between 2010 and 2015,the overall expansion of residential space is the most significant.