电潜泵在海洋石油平台的故障诊断研究

Fault Diagnosis of Electric Submersible Pump in Offshore Oil Platform

电潜泵ESP是海洋石油开采的重要采油机械设备之一。它的安全运行直接影响到地下石油的开采和利用。然而,电潜泵ESP是由多种部件组合的采油机械,有着结构关联性强的特点,其结构复杂的特点,并安装在海底泥面之下几百米至3500 m深度的油管里,高温、高压、高振动(三高)等恶劣工作环境,直接导致电潜泵ESP在工作过程中故障率偏高,严重影响设备的性能和寿命。因此,电潜泵ESP的故障诊断是提高电潜泵ESP运行效率、确保系统正常运行的重要手段。传统的电潜泵故障诊断技术已无法满足现代化油田实际生产的需要,所以应开展电潜泵ESP故障新型诊断技术的研究。本文主要介绍了电潜泵结构,工作原理和在海洋石油平台的故障诊断技术的现状、存在的问题及发展趋势。

The electric submersible pump ESP is one of the important oil production machinery equipment in offshore oil extraction.Its safe operation directly affects the extraction and utilization of underground oil.However,the electric submersible pump ESP is an oil extraction machinery composed of multiple components,with strong structural correlation and complex structure.It is installed in oil pipes at depths of several hundred to 3500 meters below the seabed mud surface.The harsh working environment of high temperature,high pressure,and high vibration(three highs)directly leads to a high failure rate of the electric submersible pump ESP during operation,seriously affecting the performance and lifespan of the equipment.Therefore,fault diagnosis of electric submersible pump ESP is an important means to improve the operational efficiency of electric submersible pump ESP and ensure the normal operation of the system.The traditional fault diagnosis technology for electric submersible pumps can no longer meet the needs of modern oilfield production,so research on new types of ESP fault diagnosis technology for electric submersible pumps should be carried out.This paper mainly introduces the structure and working principle of electric submersible pump(ESP),as well as the status quo,existing problems and development trend of fault diagnosis technology in offshore oil platform.